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MeSH Review

Ear Protective Devices

 
 
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High impact information on Ear Protective Devices

  • Though all subjects wore earplugs, rTMS-related noise induced a consistent bilateral increase of regional glucose utilization in the PAC (P < 0.05, corrected) [1].
  • Surface swimming was allowed without earplugs or a bathing cap, although it was mandatory to use polymyxin B-neomycin-hydrocortisone eardrops at bedtime on the day of swimming [2].
  • For a precision of 6 dB, the study found that the minimum number of subjects was 4 for the Bilsom UF-1 earmuff, 10 for the E.A.R Classic earplug, 31 for the Willson EP100 earplug, and 22 for the PlasMed V-51R earplug [3].
  • To address this possibility, overall and one-third-octave-band SPL measurements were obtained for 16 men and 16 women as they produced connected speech while wearing foam, flange, or no earplugs (open ears) in quiet and in pink noise at 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 dB SPL [4].
  • Attenuations from six hearing protectors, Bilsom UF-1 earmuff, Bilsom Quietzone, E.A.R Classic, E.A.R EXPRESS Pod Plugs, Howard Leight MAX, and Wilson EP100 earplugs, measured with a subject-fit protocol are reported [5].
 

Associations of Ear Protective Devices with chemical compounds

  • Hand-held bazooka impulse peak levels were attenuated by the earmuffs from 9 to 15 dB [6].
  • Three hearing protection devices [Siebe Norton Com-fit earplug, Flents Silenta model 080 earmuff, and E-A-R foam earplug] were compared for their effectiveness in preventing both daily temporary threshold shifts (TTS) and threshold variability between sequential annual audiograms for workers in an industrial environment with a TWA of 107 dB [7].
  • Effects of earplugs on catecholamine and cortisol excretion in noise-exposed textile workers [8].
 

Gene context of Ear Protective Devices

  • While there are many publications on ATF's for the evaluation of circumaural HPD's (earmuffs), only one serious attempt to construct an ATF for the evaluation of intra-aural HPD's (earplugs) could be found [9].
  • In the course of measuring the real-ear attenuation at threshold (REAT) of experimenter-inserted E-A-R foam earplugs on 100 subjects, a statistically significant correlation was observed between attenuation and hearing level (for normal listeners, HTL less than or equal to 20 dB) at test frequencies from 2-8 kHz [10].
  • The attenuation provided by TDH earphones in MX-41/AR and P/N 51 cushions, Audiocup earphone enclosures and ER-3A insert earphones with ER3-14 foam earplugs was determined for 30 normally hearing subjects using a real-ear attenuation at threshold paradigm [11].
  • Consequently, no ATF for testing earplugs has been standardized so far, while two standardized ATF's currently exist for testing earmuffs [see ANSI S3.19-1974 (1975) and ISO/DIS 6290 (1983)] [9].
  • Significant predictors of the use of hearing protective devices (HPDs) for Black and White workers and differences in predictors between the two groups were examined using multiple regression with interaction terms [12].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Ear Protective Devices

  • It is estimated that a helmet, earmuffs, and earplugs together will reduce the most intense fMRI noise levels experienced by a subject to 60-65 dB SPL [13].
  • Subjects underwent three exposures in impermeable protective clothing (PC) in an environment of 30.1 degrees C wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) wearing either ear plugs (PLG), ear moulds (MLD) or ear moulds and earmuffs (MFS) [14].
  • No significant relation to outcome was determined for the five following factors, age; use of earplugs; and drug therapy (adrenocortical hormones, low molecular weight dextrans, and vitamin B12) [15].

References

  1. Imaging functional activation of the auditory cortex during focal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex in normal subjects. Siebner, H.R., Peller, M., Willoch, F., Auer, C., Bartenstein, P., Drzezga, A., Schwaiger, M., Conrad, B. Neurosci. Lett. (1999) [Pubmed]
  2. Swimming and grommets. Cohen, H.A., Kauschansky, A., Ashkenasi, A., Bahir, A., Frydman, M., Horev, Z. The Journal of family practice. (1994) [Pubmed]
  3. Development of a new standard laboratory protocol for estimation of the field attenuation of hearing protection devices: sample size necessary to provide acceptable reproducibility. Murphy, W.J., Franks, J.R., Berger, E.H., Behar, A., Casali, J.G., Dixon-Ernst, C., Krieg, E.F., Mozo, B.T., Royster, J.D., Royster, L.H., Simon, S.D., Stephenson, C. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. (2004) [Pubmed]
  4. Speech production in noise with and without hearing protection. Tufts, J.B., Frank, T. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. (2003) [Pubmed]
  5. Hearing protector attenuation: models of attenuation distributions. Murphy, W.J., Franks, J.R., Krieg, E.F. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. (2002) [Pubmed]
  6. Hearing protection against high-level shooting impulses in relation to hearing damage risk criteria. Pekkarinen, J.O., Starck, J.P., Ylikoski, J.S. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. (1992) [Pubmed]
  7. An evaluation of the effectiveness of three hearing protection devices at an industrial facility with a TWA of 107 dB. Royster, L.H., Royster, J.D., Cecich, T.F. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. (1984) [Pubmed]
  8. Effects of earplugs on catecholamine and cortisol excretion in noise-exposed textile workers. Sudo, A., Nguyen, A.L., Jonai, H., Matsuda, S., Villanueva, M.B., Sotoyama, M., Nguyen, T.C., Le, V.T., Hoang, M.H., Nguyen, D.T., Nguyen, S. Industrial health. (1996) [Pubmed]
  9. The use of acoustical test fixtures for the measurement of hearing protector attenuation. Part I: Review of previous work and the design of an improved test fixture. Schroeter, J. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. (1986) [Pubmed]
  10. Is real-ear attenuation at threshold a function of hearing level? Berger, E.H. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. (1985) [Pubmed]
  11. Attenuation provided by four different audiometric earphone systems. Frank, T., Wright, D.C. Ear and hearing. (1990) [Pubmed]
  12. Ethnic differences in predictors of hearing protection behavior between Black and White workers. Hong, O., Lusk, S.L., Ronis, D.L. Research and theory for nursing practice. (2005) [Pubmed]
  13. Isolating the auditory system from acoustic noise during functional magnetic resonance imaging: examination of noise conduction through the ear canal, head, and body. Ravicz, M.E., Melcher, J.R. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. (2001) [Pubmed]
  14. Prediction of rectal temperature from ear canal temperature. Muir, I.H., Bishop, P.A., Lomax, R.G., Green, J.M. Ergonomics. (2001) [Pubmed]
  15. Prognosis of acute acoustic trauma: a retrospective study using multiple logistic regression analysis. Harada, H., Shiraishi, K., Kato, T. Auris, nasus, larynx. (2001) [Pubmed]
 
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