Hydrostatic and osmotic pressures modulate partitioning of tissue water in abdominal muscle during dialysis.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of simultaneous exposure of anterior abdominal muscle (AAM) to changes in intraperitoneal hydrostatic pressure ( Pip) and to osmolality of peritoneal fluid on total tissue water (TTW) and on the pattern of distribution of TTW in the AAM. DESIGN: A pilot study of single 60-min dwells in anesthetized Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, dialyzed with either isotonic (290 mOsm/kg) or hypertonic (510 mOsm/kg) dialysis solutions at nominal Pip of 0 mmHg or 6 mmHg. MEASUREMENTS: TTW (from dry-weight-to-wet-weight ratios) can be divided into the extracellular volume [theta(ec), from quantitative autoradiography (QAR) with 14C-mannitol] and intracellular volume (theta(ic) = TTW - theta(ec)). Theta(ec) = theta(if) + theta(iv), where theta(if) = interstitial volume and theta(iv) = vascular volume [from QAR with 131I-immunoglobulin G (IgG)]. All measured parameters are standardized to tissue dry weight and expressed as mean +/- standard error. RESULTS: Regardless of the osmolality of the dialysis solution, elevation of Pip to 6 mmHg results in tissue expansion, primarily in theta(if), which is doubled to 1.71+/-0.11 mL/g dry weight and 1.60+/-0.17 mL/g dry weight with isotonic and hypertonic dialysis, respectively, as compared to controls (0.64+/-0.04 mL/g dry weight). The local theta(iv) was not affected by Pip or osmolality of the bathing solution. The overall theta(iv) is 0.046+/-0.006 mL/g dry weight. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to access the effect of osmolality and Pip on theta(ic) demonstrated no significant change in theta(ic) (F = 1.2, p > 0.1) as calculated for controls (3.13+/-0.19 mL/g dry weight), after isotonic dialysis (3.13+/-0.20 mL/g dry weight), or after hypertonic dialysis (2.77+/-0.30 mL/g dry weight). CONCLUSION: Elevation of Pip to 6 mmHg significantly increased TTW and expanded the tissue. Tissue expansion is primarily in interstitium (theta(if)), which is doubled from control value regardless of dialysis fluid osmolality.[1]References
- Hydrostatic and osmotic pressures modulate partitioning of tissue water in abdominal muscle during dialysis. Zakaria, E.R., Lofthouse, J., Flessner, M.F. Peritoneal dialysis international : journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis. (1999) [Pubmed]
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