- Autosomal recessive HEM/Greenberg skeletal dysplasia is caused by 3 beta-hydroxysterol delta 14-reductase deficiency due to mutations in the lamin B receptor gene. Waterham, H.R., Koster, J., Mooyer, P., Noort Gv, G., Kelley, R.I., Wilcox, W.R., Wanders, R.J., Hennekam, R.C., Oosterwijk, J.C. Am. J. Hum. Genet. (2003)