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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
 
 
 
 

Multiple K-ras codon 12 mutations in cholangiocarcinomas demonstrated with a sensitive polymerase chain reaction technique.

By using a modified polymerase chain reaction strategy, we have devised an approach to detect a K-ras oncogene mutated at codon 12 in the presence of 1000 normal alleles. This is a considerable improvement in sensitivity on previous assays. Application of this assay to 15 cholangiocarcinomas showed that all contained a K-ras mutation to codon 12 and that nine of the tumors contained two or more mutations. In 11 cases, mutations were present in less than 10% of the cells in the sample. In common with pancreatic adenocarcinomas, in which 75 to 95% of cases contain a mutation in K-ras, cholangiocarcinomas show a very high frequency of ras gene mutation, but within a tumor only a fraction of cells contain a ras mutation. The presence of multiple mutations and the low frequency of mutant alleles in the samples argue against K-ras mutations being the initiating genetic lesion in this tumor, but suggest that ras gene mutation is involved in the stepwise progression of neoplastic cells to full malignancy.[1]

References

  1. Multiple K-ras codon 12 mutations in cholangiocarcinomas demonstrated with a sensitive polymerase chain reaction technique. Levi, S., Urbano-Ispizua, A., Gill, R., Thomas, D.M., Gilbertson, J., Foster, C., Marshall, C.J. Cancer Res. (1991) [Pubmed]
 
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