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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)

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Hawkins, R.A. et al.

Hawkins, Simpson, Mokashi, Viña,

Pyroglutamate stimulates Na+ -dependent glutamate transport across the blood-brain barrier.

Regulation of Na(+)-dependent glutamate transport was studied in isolated luminal and abluminal plasma membranes derived from the bovine blood-brain barrier. Abluminal membranes have Na(+)-dependent glutamate transporters while luminal membranes have facilitative transporters. This organization allows glutamate to be actively removed from brain. gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase, the first enzyme of the gamma-glutamyl cycle (GGC), is on the luminal membrane. Pyroglutamate (oxoproline), an intracellular product of GGC, stimulated Na(+)-dependent transport of glutamate by 46%, whereas facilitative glutamate uptake in luminal membranes was inhibited. This relationship between GGC and glutamate transporters may be part of a regulatory mechanism that accelerates glutamate removal from brain.[1]

References

Pyroglutamate stimulates Na+ -dependent glutamate transport across the blood-brain barrier. Hawkins, R.A., Simpson, I.A., Mokashi, A., Viña, J.R. FEBS Lett. (2006) [Pubmed]

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