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Paddon-Jones, D. et al.

Paddon-Jones, Sheffield-Moore, Cree, Hewlings, Aarsland, Wolfe, Ferrando,

Atrophy and Impaired Muscle Protein Synthesis during Prolonged Inactivity and Stress.

Context: We recently demonstrated that 28-d bed rest in healthy volunteers results in a moderate loss of lean leg mass and strength. Objective: The objective of this study was to quantify changes in muscle protein kinetics, body composition, and strength during a clinical bed rest model reflecting both physical inactivity and the hormonal stress response to injury or illness. Design: Muscle protein kinetics were calculated during a primed, continuous infusion (0.08 mumol/kg.min) of (13)C(6)-phenylalanine on d 1 and 28 of bed rest. Setting: The setting for this study was the General Clinical Research Center at the University of Texas Medical Branch. Participants: Participants were healthy male volunteers (n = 6, 28 +/- 2 yr, 84 +/- 4 kg, 178 +/- 3 cm). Intervention: During bed rest, hydrocortisone sodium succinate was administered iv (d 1 and 28) and orally (d 2-27) to reproduce plasma cortisol concentrations consistent with trauma or illness ( approximately 22 mug/dl). Main Outcome Measures: We hypothesized that inactivity and hypercortisolemia would reduce lean muscle mass, leg extension strength, and muscle protein synthesis. Results: Volunteers experienced a 28.4 +/- 4.4% loss of leg extension strength (P = 0.012) and a 3-fold greater loss of lean leg mass (1.4 +/- 0.1 kg) (P = 0.004) compared with our previous bed rest-only model. Net protein catabolism was primarily due to a reduction in muscle protein synthesis [fractional synthesis rate, 0.081 +/- 0.004 (d 1) vs. 0.054 +/- 0.007%/h (d 28); P = 0.023]. There was no change in muscle protein breakdown. Conclusion: Prolonged inactivity and hypercortisolemia represents a persistent catabolic stimulus that exacerbates strength and lean muscle loss via a chronic reduction in muscle protein synthesis.[1]

References

Atrophy and Impaired Muscle Protein Synthesis during Prolonged Inactivity and Stress. Paddon-Jones, D., Sheffield-Moore, M., Cree, M.G., Hewlings, S.J., Aarsland, A., Wolfe, R.R., Ferrando, A.A. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (2006) [Pubmed]

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