Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)

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Spooren, W.P. et al.

Subregions of the caudate nucleus and their in- and output channels in oro-facial dyskinesia: a behavioural and retrograde tracing study in the cat.

Previous studies have shown that the feline caudate nucleus contains DPI-sensitive (caput nuclei caudati, anterodorsal part; r-CRM) and DPI-insensitive (caput nuclei caudati, rostromedial part; CRM) regions. Stimulation of dopamine receptors within the r-CRM by dopamine or DPI are known to elicit oro-facial dyskinesia (OFD), i.e. a syndrome of tic-like contractions of the facial muscles in combination with tongue protrusions. OFD is also elicited from the sub-commissural part of the globus pallidus (scGP), a first order output station of the r-CRM, but not from the CRM. On the basis of these data it has been hypothesized that (1) OFD is a specific feature of the r-CRM, but not the CRM; (2) effects elicited from the r-CRM are funneled via the scGP, and that (3) r-CRM and CRM are differentially innervated. Cats were bilaterally equipped with cannulas directed at the CRM or r-CRM and scGP. Following recovery from the operation the cats received bilateral injections of DPI into CRM (5 micrograms/5 microliter) or r-CRM (5 and 10 micrograms/5 microliter), the latter in combination with muscimol (50 and 100 ng/1 microliter) into the scGP or its solvent. Subsequently, behaviour was analyzed. OFD, quantified in number of tongue protrusions, was only elicited from the r-CRM, but not from the CRM confirming previously reported data in this respect. Furthermore the effect varied according to the dose used. The OFD elicited from the r-CRM was found to be blocked at the level of the scGP by local injections of muscimol, a GABA agonist.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[1]

References

Subregions of the caudate nucleus and their in- and output channels in oro-facial dyskinesia: a behavioural and retrograde tracing study in the cat. Spooren, W.P., Groenewegen, H.J., Cools, A.R. Brain Res. (1991) [Pubmed]

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