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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 

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Cutting edge: NKT cells constitutively express IL-23 receptor and RORgammat and rapidly produce IL-17 upon receptor ligation in an IL-6-independent fashion.

Th17 cells require IL-6 and TGFbeta for lineage commitment and IL-23 for maintenance. Unexpectedly, naive IL-6(-/-) splenocytes stimulated with anti-CD3 and IL-23 produced normal amounts of IL-17 during the first 24 h of culture. These rapid IL-6-independent IL-17 producers were identified as predominantly DX5(+) TCRbeta(+) NKT cells, and a comparable response could be found using the invariant NKT-specific ligand alpha-galactosylceramide. Human NKT cells also produced IL-17. NKT cells constitutively expressed IL-23R and RORgammat. Ligation of either TCR or IL-23R triggered IL-17 production and both together had a synergistic effect, suggesting independent but convergent pathways. IL-17 production was not restricted to a particular subset of NKT cells but they were NK1.1 negative. Importantly, in vivo administration of alpha-galactosylceramide triggered a rapid IL-17 response in the spleen. These data suggest an important biological role for innate IL-17 production by NKT cells that is rapid and precedes the adaptive IL-17 response.[1]

References

  1. Cutting edge: NKT cells constitutively express IL-23 receptor and RORgammat and rapidly produce IL-17 upon receptor ligation in an IL-6-independent fashion. Rachitskaya, A.V., Hansen, A.M., Horai, R., Li, Z., Villasmil, R., Luger, D., Nussenblatt, R.B., Caspi, R.R. J. Immunol. (2008) [Pubmed]
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