- Inclusion body beta-thalassemia trait in a Swiss family is caused by an abnormal hemoglobin (Geneva) with an altered and extended beta chain carboxy-terminus due to a modification in codon beta 114. Beris, P., Miescher, P.A., Diaz-Chico, J.C., Han, I.S., Kutlar, A., Hu, H., Wilson, J.B., Huisman, T.H. Blood (1988)