High impact information on AS3MT

• Human arsenic methyltransferase (AS3MT) pharmacogenetics: gene resequencing and functional genomics studies [1].
• We set out to study the pharmacogenetics of human arsenic methyltransferase (AS3MT, previously CYT19) [1].
• After cloning the human AS3MT cDNA, we annotated the human gene and resequenced its 5'-flanking region, exons, and splice junctions using 60 DNA samples from African-American (AA) and 60 samples from Caucasian-American (CA) subjects [1].
• shRNA silencing of AS3MT expression minimizes arsenic methylation capacity of HepG2 cells [2].
• Arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (AS3MT) that is expressed in rat and human hepatocytes catalyzes the conversion of iAs, yielding methylated metabolites that contain arsenic in +3 or +5 oxidation states [2].

Biological context of AS3MT

• Biotransformation of inorganic arsenic in mammals is catalyzed by three serial enzyme activities: arsenate reductase, arsenite methyltransferase, and monomethylarsonate methyltransferase [3].

Anatomical context of AS3MT

• In a stable clonal HepG2/A cell line, AS3MT mRNA and protein levels were reduced by 83 and 88%, respectively [2].

Associations of AS3MT with chemical compounds

• The nonquantitative recovery of radioarsenic from reaction mixtures suggested that AS3MT catalyzed the formation of a volatile arsenical [4].
• The AS3MT gene encodes an arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase, which catalyzes both the oxidative methylation of trivalent arsenicals and the reduction of pentavalent arsenicals [4].
• Because South American animals studied were deficient in arsenite methyltransferase, a hypothesis is presented that arsenite and arsenite methyltransferase may have had a role in the evolution of some South American animals [5].
• Enzymatic methylation of arsenic compounds. IX. Liver arsenite methyltransferase and arsenate reductase activities in primates [6].

References