Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)

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Biswas, D.K. et al.

Biswas, Cruz, Gansberger, Pardee,

Epidermal growth factor-induced nuclear factor kappa B activation: A major pathway of cell-cycle progression in estrogen-receptor negative breast cancer cells.

The epidermal growth factor (EGF) family of receptors (EGFR) is overproduced in estrogen receptor (ER) negative (-) breast cancer cells. An inverse correlation of the level of EGFR and ER is observed between ER- and ER positive (+) breast cancer cells. A comparative study with EGFR- overproducing ER- and low-level producing ER+ breast cancer cells suggests that EGF is a major growth- stimulating factor for ER- cells. An outline of the pathway for the EGF- induced enhanced proliferation of ER- human breast cancer cells is proposed. The transmission of mitogenic signal induced by EGF-EGFR interaction is mediated via activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). The basal level of active NF-kappaB in ER- cells is elevated by EGF and inhibited by anti-EGFR antibody (EGFR-Ab), thus qualifying EGF as a NF-kappaB activation factor. NF-kappaB transactivates the cell-cycle regulatory protein, cyclin D1, which causes increased phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein, more strongly in ER- cells. An inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase, Ly294-002, blocked this event, suggesting a role of the former in the activation of NF-kappaB by EGF. Go6976, a well-characterized NF-kappaB inhibitor, blocked EGF-induced NF-kappaB activation and up-regulation of cell-cycle regulatory proteins. This low molecular weight compound also caused apoptotic death, predominantly more in ER- cells. Thus Go6976 and similar NF-kappaB inhibitors are potentially novel low molecular weight therapeutic agents for treatment of ER- breast cancer patients.[1]

References

Epidermal growth factor-induced nuclear factor kappa B activation: A major pathway of cell-cycle progression in estrogen-receptor negative breast cancer cells. Biswas, D.K., Cruz, A.P., Gansberger, E., Pardee, A.B. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2000) [Pubmed]

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