Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)

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Poole, T.L. et al.

Poole, Genovese, Knape, Callaway, Bischoff, Nisbet,

Effect of subtherapeutic concentrations of tylosin on the inhibitory stringency of a mixed anaerobe continuous-flow culture of chicken microflora against Escherichia coli O157:H7.

AIMS: The aim of this study was twofold: first to determine the effect of subtherapeutic concentrations of tylosin, a macrolide antibiotic used for growth promotion, on a mixed anaerobic continuous-flow fermentation culture of chicken gastrointestinal microorganisms (CCF) and secondly, to determine if these concentrations would allow persistence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in CCF. METHODS AND RESULTS: CCF was treated with tylosin at 10.0, 20.0 and 40.0 microg ml(-1). Tylosin treatment resulted in a significant (P < 0.0001) decrease in total volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from a mean concentration of 101 +/- 10.8 micromol ml(-1) in control cultures to 32.0 +/- 6.3 and 40.2 +/- 9.6 micromol ml(-1) in 10 and 40 microg ml(-1) treated cultures, respectively. Untreated CCF challenged with E. coli O157:H7 cleared the challenge microorganism in 7 days at a rate of 0.96 log10 CFU ml(-1) day(-1). In contrast, E. coli O157:H7 persisted in all tylosin treated cultures. CONCLUSIONS: In the presence of tylosin, E. coli O157:H7 was able to persist in the CCF culture. The significant decrease in the production of VFAs may have been a contributing factor. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The use of low-level, growth-promoting antimicrobials may compromise the ability of normal microflora that serve as a natural host defence against infection.[1]

References

Effect of subtherapeutic concentrations of tylosin on the inhibitory stringency of a mixed anaerobe continuous-flow culture of chicken microflora against Escherichia coli O157:H7. Poole, T.L., Genovese, K.J., Knape, K.D., Callaway, T.R., Bischoff, K.M., Nisbet, D.J. J. Appl. Microbiol. (2003) [Pubmed]

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