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Gene Review:

GSTT2 - glutathione S-transferase theta 2...

Homo sapiens

Tan, K.L. et al., Coggan, M. et al., Pool-Zobel, B.L. et al., Jang, S.G. et al., Whittington, A.T. et al., et al.

Jang, Kim, Kang, Park, Ahn, Yoon, Kim, Shin, Lee, Park, Pool-Zobel, Selvaraju, Sauer, Kautenburger, Kiefer, Richter, Soom, Wölfl,

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Disease relevance of GSTT2

GSTT2 promoter polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk [1].

High impact information on GSTT2

We detected an upregulation of GSTs (GSTA2, GSTT2) that are known to be involved in the defence against oxidative stress in primary cells upon incubation with butyrate [2].
GSTT1 is 8.1 kb in length, while GSTT2 is only 3.7 kb [3].
The GSTT2 gene lies head-to-head with a gene encoding d-dopachrome tautomerase (DDCT), which extends over 8.5 kb and contains four exons [3].
These changes suggest that the duplicate gene is a pseudogene, and it has been named GSTT2P [3].
The enhanced transcriptional activity of GSTP1 and GSTT2 genes was confirmed with real-time qRT-PCR [4].

Biological context of GSTT2

The absence of other regions of hybridization suggests that there are no closely related sequences (e.g., reverse transcribed pseudogenes) scattered throughout the genome and that if there are closely related genes, they must be clustered near GSTT2 [5].
GSTT2 has been mapped to chromosome 22 by somatic cell hybrid analysis [5].
In this study, we describe the molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding a second human Theta-class GST (GSTT2) from a lambda gt11 human liver 5'-stretch cDNA library [5].
The encoded protein shares amino acid sequence identities of 92, 77, 51, and 55% with rat subunit Yrs, human subunit GSTT2, rat subunit 5, and human subunit GSTT1, respectively [6].
Genetic heterogeneity of the structure and function of GSTT2 and GSTP1 [7].

Associations of GSTT2 with chemical compounds

Homology model for the human GSTT2 Theta class glutathione transferase [8].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of GSTT2

Sequence analysis of the duplicated GSTT2 gene has identified an exon 2/intron 2 splice site abnormality and a premature translation stop signal at codon 196 [3].
Southern blot analysis of human DNA digested with BamHI shows that the size of the GSTT2 gene is relatively small, as the coding sequence falls within a 3.6-kb BamHI fragment [5].
An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was performed to determine the effects of polymorphisms on protein binding to the GSTT2 promoter [1].

References

GSTT2 promoter polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk. Jang, S.G., Kim, I.J., Kang, H.C., Park, H.W., Ahn, S.A., Yoon, H.J., Kim, K., Shin, H.R., Lee, J.S., Park, J.G. BMC Cancer (2007) [Pubmed]
Butyrate may enhance toxicological defence in primary, adenoma and tumor human colon cells by favourably modulating expression of glutathione S-transferases genes, an approach in nutrigenomics. Pool-Zobel, B.L., Selvaraju, V., Sauer, J., Kautenburger, T., Kiefer, J., Richter, K.K., Soom, M., Wölfl, S. Carcinogenesis (2005) [Pubmed]
Structure and organization of the human theta-class glutathione S-transferase and D-dopachrome tautomerase gene complex. Coggan, M., Whitbread, L., Whittington, A., Board, P. Biochem. J. (1998) [Pubmed]
Apple flavonoids inhibit growth of HT29 human colon cancer cells and modulate expression of genes involved in the biotransformation of xenobiotics. Veeriah, S., Kautenburger, T., Habermann, N., Sauer, J., Dietrich, H., Will, F., Pool-Zobel, B.L. Mol. Carcinog. (2006) [Pubmed]
Molecular cloning of a cDNA and chromosomal localization of a human theta-class glutathione S-transferase gene (GSTT2) to chromosome 22. Tan, K.L., Webb, G.C., Baker, R.T., Board, P.G. Genomics (1995) [Pubmed]
Characterization of a cDNA and gene encoding the mouse theta class glutathione transferase mGSTT2 and its localization to chromosome 10B5-C1. Whittington, A.T., Webb, G.C., Baker, R.T., Board, P.G. Genomics (1996) [Pubmed]
Genetic heterogeneity of the structure and function of GSTT2 and GSTP1. Board, P., Harris, M., Flanagan, J., Langton, L., Coggan, M. Chem. Biol. Interact. (1998) [Pubmed]
Homology model for the human GSTT2 Theta class glutathione transferase. Chelvanayagam, G., Wilce, M.C., Parker, M.W., Tan, K.L., Board, P.G. Proteins (1997) [Pubmed]

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LOC100686488	Canis lupus familiaris
GSTT2B	Homo sapiens
GSTT2	Macaca mulatta
Gstt2	Mus musculus
LOC458962	Pan troglodytes
Gstt2	Rattus norvegicus

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