Disease relevance of Spag5

• Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been prepared against vaccine and wild-type strains of yellow fever (YF) virus, and envelope protein epitopes specific for vaccine (MAbs H5 and H6) and wild-type (MAbs S17, S18, S24, and S56) strains of YF virus have been identified [1].
• Transplantation of cells grown on mbD4/S17 into NOD/SCID mice showed no significant enhancement of the long-term repopulating ability [2].

High impact information on Spag5

• Here we demonstrate that human ES cells differentiate to hematopoietic precursor cells when cocultured with the murine bone marrow cell line S17 or the yolk sac endothelial cell line C166 [3].
• Isolated, nonadherent, density < 1.077-g/cm3, surface antigen AA4.1+, wheat germ agglutinin bright (WGAbright) cells give rise to multiple lineages, including T cells, B cells, and myeloid cells, as detected by using fetal thymus organ culture, S17 stromal feeder layers, or methylcellulose culture colony-forming cells, respectively [4].
• This result suggests that if Spag5 plays a role in spermatogenesis it is likely compensated for by unknown proteins [5].
• Analysis of the process of spermatogenesis and sperm produced in Spag5-null mice did not reveal a major phenotype as a consequence of the knockout event [5].
• Spag5 is expressed during meiosis and in round spermatids and is similar, if not identical, to Deepest, a putative spindle pole protein [5].

Biological context of Spag5

• Silencing of astrin has resulted in growth arrest and apoptotic cell death [6].
• Deletion analysis of 5(')-flanking sequences demonstrated that the first 120bp proximal to the TATA-less promoter region is necessary for minimal transcription of the mouse mastrin gene [6].
• Mastrin protein was demonstrated to localize to mitotic spindles during mitosis [6].
• Genomic clones containing mastrin gene were isolated; the gene was found to have 24 exons spanning 24kb of genomic DNA [6].
• The overall mouse mastrin amino-acid sequence is 66% identical to human astrin [6].

Anatomical context of Spag5

• Human astrin is a newly identified microtubule-associated protein, which is highly expressed in the testis [6].
• CD34(+)CD38(-) FL cells were transduced with Id3-IRES-GFP and cultured with the murine stromal cell line S17 [7].
• However, addition of either 10 U/mL rIL-1 alpha or 50 U/mL rIL-4 to cultures of bone marrow cells containing S17 cells dramatically suppressed subsequent pre-B cell formation [8].
• Conditioned media from S17/v-src and S17/c-src stimulated proliferation of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-responsive cell line FDCP-1 and this stimulation was inhibited by neutralizing antisera to murine GM-CSF [9].
• Stem cells cultured on S17 repopulated all hematopoietic lineages in marrow-ablated hosts for at least 10 months, indicating that this culture system maintained primitive stem cells with extensive proliferative capacity [10].

Associations of Spag5 with chemical compounds

• The stromal cell line S17 supports the growth of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated CBA/N spleen cell colonies in vitro [11].
• The murine hemopoietic stromal cell line S17 can support either myelopoiesis or lymphopoiesis depending on the culture conditions (i.e., the presence of steroid or mercaptoethanol) [12].
• Biochemical characterization of heparan sulfate derived from murine hemopoietic stromal cell lines: a bone marrow-derived cell line S17 and a fetal liver-derived cell line AFT024 [13].
• Studies conducted on asymmetric triazine derivatives synthetized at the Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research Institute showed that products S1, S16, S17, S19, S20 and S22 have a remarkable O2- radical scavenger activity [14].
• The new trichrome stain ASTRIN, prepared from alcian blue, safranine, thionine, and resorcin, stains the cell nuclei red or blue, depending on their functional state [15].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Spag5

• Preculture of S17 stromal cells with either rIL-1 or rIL-4 completely abrogated their ability to support pre-B cell generation in subsequent coculture with freshly explanted bone marrow cells [8].
• 2. S17-conditioned medium was fractionated using HPLC and each fraction tested for pre-B cell-generating activity [16].
• Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequences of cDNAs specific for rat liver ribosomal proteins S17 and L30 [17].
• FACS sorted human fetal bone marrow (BM) HSC (CD34+CD19- or CD34+/CD10-/CD19-/CD45RA) were cultured on human fetal BM stromal cells, human skin fibroblasts, or murine S17 stromal cells and analyzed by flow cytometry or reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction [18].

References