Neurobiology of interleukin-1 receptors: getting the message.
Binding of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 ( IL-1) in the brain was first shown a decade ago [1]. Interleukin-1 receptors (IL-1R) in the brain were, at that time, proposed to play a role in mediating symptoms of sickness such as fever, activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal (HPA)-axis, behavioural depression and increased sleeping. Two years later, IL-1 immunoreactivity was shown in microglia of patients with Alzheimer's disease [2]. Subsequent studies provided evidence for IL-1 expression in most acute and chronic CNS pathologies and gave rise to the concept that glial IL-1 contributes to an inflammatory response in the brain. Recently, new members of the IL-1 receptor family have been discovered and roles for brain IL-1 other than in inflammation are starting to emerge. During a recent meeting* in Biarritz, leading experts in the field reflected on the accomplishments and prospects in this rapidly expanding area of neurobiology.[1]References
- Neurobiology of interleukin-1 receptors: getting the message. Konsman, J.P., Blond, D., Vigues, S. Eur. Cytokine Netw. (2000) [Pubmed]
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