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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 

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Developmental timing of exposure to elevated levels of phenylalanine is associated with ADHD symptom expression.

This study addresses attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with a focus on how the timing of a known biological insult affects ADHD symptom expression. The sample consists of children exposed to elevated levels of phenylalanine, either postnatally as in Phenylketonuria ( PKU; n = 46) or prenatally as in Maternal PKU (MPKU; n = 15). Non-hyperphenylalaninemic siblings of children with PKU (n = 18) serve as controls. Results indicate that elevated levels of phenylalanine are associated with ADHD symptoms. The manifestations of the symptom expression are dependent on exposure timing: prenatal exposure is associated with a higher likelihood of expressing hyperactive/impulsive symptoms and postnatal exposure is associated with a higher likelihood of expressing inattentive symptoms. This toxicity is dose-dependent and higher levels of phenylalanine appear more detrimental.[1]

References

  1. Developmental timing of exposure to elevated levels of phenylalanine is associated with ADHD symptom expression. Antshel, K.M., Waisbren, S.E. Journal of abnormal child psychology. (2003) [Pubmed]
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