- The K121Q polymorphism of the ENPP1/PC-1 gene is associated with insulin resistance/atherogenic phenotypes, including earlier onset of type 2 diabetes and myocardial infarction. Bacci, S., Ludovico, O., Prudente, S., Zhang, Y.Y., Di Paola, R., Mangiacotti, D., Rauseo, A., Nolan, D., Duffy, J., Fini, G., Salvemini, L., Amico, C., Vigna, C., Pellegrini, F., Menzaghi, C., Doria, A., Trischitta, V. Diabetes (2005)