Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)

Editor

Personal info

View

About

Terms

Javascript disabled

Please enable Javascript support in your browser to use this application.

Instructions on how to enable JavaScript on different browsers can be found here: http://www.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?answer=23852.

[edit this page]

Taneja, R. et al.

Phosphorylation of activation functions AF-1 and AF-2 of RAR alpha and RAR gamma is indispensable for differentiation of F9 cells upon retinoic acid and cAMP treatment.

The role of RAR alpha 1 and RAR gamma 2 AF-1 and AF-2 activation functions and of their phosphorylation was investigated during RA-induced primitive and parietal differentiation of F9 cells. We found that: (i) primitive endodermal differentiation requires RAR gamma 2, whereas parietal endodermal differentiation requires both RAR gamma 2 and RAR alpha 1, and in all cases AF-1 and AF-2 must synergize; (ii) primitive endodermal differentiation requires the proline-directed kinase site of RAR gamma 2-AF-1, whereas parietal endodermal differentiation additionally requires that of RAR alpha 1-AF-1; (iii) the cAMP-induced parietal endodermal differentiation also requires the protein kinase A site of RAR alpha-AF-2, but not that of RAR gamma; and (iv) the AF-1-AF-2 synergism and AF-1 phosphorylation site requirements for RA-responsive gene induction are promoter context-dependent. Thus, AF-1 and AF-2 of distinct RARs exert specific cellular and molecular functions in a cell-autonomous system mimicking physiological situations, and their phosphorylation by kinases belonging to two main signalling pathways is required to enable RARs to transduce the RA signal during F9 cell differentiation.[1]

References

Phosphorylation of activation functions AF-1 and AF-2 of RAR alpha and RAR gamma is indispensable for differentiation of F9 cells upon retinoic acid and cAMP treatment. Taneja, R., Rochette-Egly, C., Plassat, J.L., Penna, L., Gaub, M.P., Chambon, P. EMBO J. (1997) [Pubmed]

Annotations and hyperlinks in this abstract are from individual authors of WikiGenes or automatically generated by the WikiGenes Data Mining Engine. The abstract is from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.About WikiGenes Open Access Licence Privacy Policy Terms of Use apsburg

The world's first wiki where authorship really matters (Nature Genetics, 2008). Due credit and reputation for authors. Imagine a global collaborative knowledge base for original thoughts. Search thousands of articles and collaborate with scientists around the globe.