Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)

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Gene Review:

TAL2 - T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia 2

Homo sapiens

Synonyms: BHLHA19, Class A basic helix-loop-helix protein 19, T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia protein 2, TAL-2, bHLHa19

Xia, Y. et al., Xia, Y. et al., Wadman, I. et al.

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Disease relevance of TAL2

TAL2 sequences are actively transcribed in SUP-T3, a T-ALL cell line that harbors the t(7;9)(q34;q32) [1].
The TAL2 gene is activated as a result of the (7;9) (q34;q32) translocation, a chromosome defect found in the malignant cells of some patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) [2].

High impact information on TAL2

TAL1, TAL2 and LYL1 encode a unique subgroup of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins that share exceptional homology in their bHLH sequences [3].
TAL2, a helix-loop-helix gene activated by the (7;9)(q34;q32) translocation in human T-cell leukemia [1].
The TAL2 gene is located 33 kilobase pairs from the chromosome 9 breakpoint of t(7;9)(q34;q32), a recurring translocation specifically associated with T-ALL [1].
We now report the identification of TAL2, a distinct gene that was isolated on the basis of its sequence homology with TAL1 [1].
TAL2 potentially encodes a basic helix-loop-helix motif that is highly related to those specified by TAL1 and LYL1, distinct genes that have also been implicated in T-ALL [2].

Biological context of TAL2

Products of the TAL2 oncogene in leukemic T cells: bHLH phosphoproteins with DNA-binding activity [2].
Serine residue 100 is the major site of TAL2 phosphorylation in vivo, and it serves as an effective in vitro substrate for mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases such as ERK1 [2].

Physical interactions of TAL2

TAL2 polypeptides interact in vivo with the E2A gene products (E47 and E12) to form bHLH heterodimers that bind DNA in a sequence-specific manner [2].

Other interactions of TAL2

Taken together, the properties of TAL2 evaluated here broadly resemble those described previously for TAL1, and therefore support the idea that both proteins promote T-ALL by a common mechanism [2].

References

TAL2, a helix-loop-helix gene activated by the (7;9)(q34;q32) translocation in human T-cell leukemia. Xia, Y., Brown, L., Yang, C.Y., Tsan, J.T., Siciliano, M.J., Espinosa, R., Le Beau, M.M., Baer, R.J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1991) [Pubmed]
Products of the TAL2 oncogene in leukemic T cells: bHLH phosphoproteins with DNA-binding activity. Xia, Y., Hwang, L.Y., Cobb, M.H., Baer, R. Oncogene (1994) [Pubmed]
Specific in vivo association between the bHLH and LIM proteins implicated in human T cell leukemia. Wadman, I., Li, J., Bash, R.O., Forster, A., Osada, H., Rabbitts, T.H., Baer, R. EMBO J. (1994) [Pubmed]

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