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Gene Review:

glnK - nitrogen regulatory protein P-II 2

Escherichia coli O157:H7 str. EDL933

Tøndervik, A. et al., Javelle, A. et al., Blauwkamp, T.A. et al., Blauwkamp, T.A. et al.

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Disease relevance of glnK

Escherichia coli and related bacteria contain two paralogous PII-like proteins involved in nitrogen regulation, the glnB product, PII, and the glnK product, GlnK [1].

High impact information on glnK

This system provides an exquisitely sensitive mechanism to control ammonium flux into the cell, and the conservation of glnK linkage to amtB suggests that this regulatory mechanism may occur throughout prokaryotes [2].
The specific roles of GlnK during nitrogen starvation were not the result of a distinct function of the protein, as expression of PII from the glnK promoter in cells lacking GlnK restored the wild-type phenotypes [3].
GlnD catalyzes these reactions in response to high or low levels of cytoplasmic glutamine, respectively, and indirectly directs the expression of nitrogen-regulated genes, e.g., the glnK-amtB operon [4].
This was in contrast to the much-studied glnD99::Tn10 mutation, which carries its insertion in the 3' end of the gene, causes a complete repression of glnKp-lacZ expression under all growth conditions, and also confers leaky glutamine auxotrophy [4].

References

Nac-mediated repression of the serA promoter of Escherichia coli. Blauwkamp, T.A., Ninfa, A.J. Mol. Microbiol. (2002) [Pubmed]
Ammonium sensing in Escherichia coli. Role of the ammonium transporter AmtB and AmtB-GlnK complex formation. Javelle, A., Severi, E., Thornton, J., Merrick, M. J. Biol. Chem. (2004) [Pubmed]
Physiological role of the GlnK signal transduction protein of Escherichia coli: survival of nitrogen starvation. Blauwkamp, T.A., Ninfa, A.J. Mol. Microbiol. (2002) [Pubmed]
Transposon mutations in the 5' end of glnD, the gene for a nitrogen regulatory sensor, that suppress the osmosensitive phenotype caused by otsBA lesions in Escherichia coli. Tøndervik, A., Torgersen, H.R., Botnmark, H.K., Strøm, A.R. J. Bacteriol. (2006) [Pubmed]

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