- Solid tissues removed from ATM homozygous deficient mice do not exhibit a mutator phenotype for second-step autosomal mutations. Turker, M.S., Gage, B.M., Rose, J.A., Ponomareva, O.N., Tischfield, J.A., Stambrook, P.J., Barlow, C., Wynshaw-Boris, A. Cancer Res. (1999)