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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 

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A base-excision DNA-repair protein finds intrahelical lesion bases by fast sliding in contact with DNA.

A central mystery in the function of site-specific DNA-binding proteins is the detailed mechanism for rapid location and binding of target sites in DNA. Human oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (hOgg1), for example, must search out rare 8-oxoguanine lesions to prevent transversion mutations arising from oxidative stress. Here we report high-speed imaging of single hOgg1 enzyme molecules diffusing along DNA stretched by shear flow. Salt-concentration-dependent measurements reveal that such diffusion occurs as hOgg1 slides in persistent contact with DNA. At near-physiologic pH and salt concentration, hOgg1 has a subsecond DNA-binding time and slides with a diffusion constant as high as 5 x 10(6) bp(2)/s. Such a value approaches the theoretical upper limit for one-dimensional diffusion and indicates an activation barrier for sliding of only 0.5 kcal/ mol (1 kcal = 4.2 kJ). This nearly barrierless Brownian sliding indicates that DNA glycosylases locate lesion bases by a massively redundant search in which the enzyme selectively binds 8-oxoguanine under kinetic control.[1]

References

  1. A base-excision DNA-repair protein finds intrahelical lesion bases by fast sliding in contact with DNA. Blainey, P.C., van Oijen, A.M., Banerjee, A., Verdine, G.L., Xie, X.S. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2006) [Pubmed]
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