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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 

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Efficacy of orally administered penicillin V for prophylaxis of experimentally induced streptococcal endocarditis.

Four oral penicillin V regimens were compared for the ability to prevent Streptococcus sanguis infection of experimentally induced valvular heart lesions in rabbits. Challenge doses of 10(4), 10(6), and 10(8) CFU of a penicillin-susceptible strain of S. sanguis were used in this study. Measured by recovery of test organisms from endocardial lesions, the lowest-concentration inoculum was infective for 53% of the recipients; the higher-concentration inocula were infective for all recipients. A single-oral-dose penicillin V regimen (36 mg/kg of body weight) prevented endocarditis when rabbits were challenged with 10(4) CFU, but protection diminished with increasing inoculum concentrations. In contrast, addition of a second penicillin V dose (18 mg/kg of body weight) administered with a 7-h interval between doses achieved fully effective prophylaxis against even the highest inoculum tested (10(8) CFU). A repeated set of experiments in which half the dose of penicillin V was administered showed significantly reduced protection against S. sanguis endocarditis.[1]

References

  1. Efficacy of orally administered penicillin V for prophylaxis of experimentally induced streptococcal endocarditis. Pujadas, R., Escriva, E., Jane, J., Galera, M.C., Fava, P., Garau, J., Mirelis, B. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (1987) [Pubmed]
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