Disease relevance of penicillin v

• Using a murine model of penicillin V-induced systemic anaphylaxis, we show an autoregulatory cascade of biphasic anaphylactic reactions [1].
• A comparison of azithromycin and penicillin V for the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis [2].
• Cefdinir given for 5 or 10 days was at least as effective as penicillin V for 10 days in patients with streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis [3].
• Efficacy of orally administered penicillin V for prophylaxis of experimentally induced streptococcal endocarditis [4].
• In contrast, addition of a second penicillin V dose (18 mg/kg of body weight) administered with a 7-h interval between doses achieved fully effective prophylaxis against even the highest inoculum tested (10(8) CFU) [4].

High impact information on penicillin v

• In addition, it was at least as effective as penicillin V (phenoxymethylpenicillin) in streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis and as effective as cefalexin in uncomplicated skin infections [3].
• All PBP profiles were similar to those obtained with a traditional PBP labeling technique with 125I-labeled penicillin V, except that an additional unidentified PBP (approximately 55,000 Da) was labeled with BIO-AMP in E. coli and H. influenzae [5].
• The acylenzyme intermediate of E166A and a good substrate, penicillin V, was trapped by acid-quench and observed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, suggesting that Glu-166 is more important in catalysing the deacylation step than the acylation step [6].
• A regimen of a single intramuscular dose of penicillin G-streptomycin was compared with regimens of three oral doses of amoxicillin and two oral doses of penicillin V to prevent Streptococcus sanguis endocarditis in rabbits with experimentally induced valvular heart lesions [7].
• Oral bioavailability of five compounds selected for more intensive study was generally higher than that of penicillin V in all species tested [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of penicillin v

• A comparison of cefadroxil and penicillin V in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis in children [9].
• Efficacy of cefuroxime axetil suspension compared with that of penicillin V suspension in children with group A streptococcal pharyngitis [10].
• The efficacy of cefadroxil, an orally administered broad spectrum cephalosporin, was compared with that of penicillin V in several studies comprising more than 550 children with group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) pharyngitis [9].
• OBJECTIVE: A multicentre, comparative, randomized, open-label, Phase III trial evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of clarithromycin modified release (MR) versus penicillin V for pharyngitis due to group A beta-haemolytic streptococci (GABHS) [11].
• For > 90% of 126 strains of viridans streptococci tested, the MICs of penicillin V and ampicillin were < or = 0.125 mg/L [12].

Biological context of penicillin v

• The Bacillus sphaericus gene encoding penicillin V amidase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of penicillin V, has been characterized [13].
• The deduced amino acid sequence was shown to have 52% similarity with a penicillin V amidase from Bacillus sphaericus [14].
• Biochemical data derived from susceptibility tests and bacteriolysis experiments revealed no significant differences between Hg-pen V and the parent compound, penicillin V, or between strains [15].
• Amoxycillin is more suitable than penicillin V for single dose chemoprophylaxis because of its higher and more persistent serum bactericidal concentrations and lower serum protein binding compared with penicillin V [16].
• Cefuroxime axetil is at least as effective as penicillin V in the management of streptococcal pharyngitis and may be more effective in preventing the carrier state [17].

Anatomical context of penicillin v

• OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relative efficacy of orally administered cefadroxil and penicillin V in the treatment of group A streptococcal (GABHS) pharyngitis and the mechanism(s) responsible for failure of antimicrobial therapy to eradicate GABHS from the pharynx [18].
• Comparative study of the penetration of penicillin V and cefadroxil into tonsils in man [19].
• CONCLUSION: Antibiotic treatment improves the middle ear status in patients with SOM, and amoxicillin-clavulanate provides superior improvement to penicillin V [20].
• We conclude that administration of penicillin V reduces the increase in secretory capacity of rat middle ear mucosa during and 6 months after acute pneumococcal otitis media [21].
• Prophylaxis of streptococcal bacteraemia with oral penicillin V in children undergoing bone marrow transplantation [22].

Associations of penicillin v with other chemical compounds

• An automated precolumn exchange system for on-line solid-phase extraction (OPS-2) coupled to liquid chromatography with photochemical degradation and electrochemical detection was used for the determination of residual amounts of penicillin G, penicillin V, oxacillin, cloxacillin and dicloxacillin [23].
• The principal values of the chemical shift tensors of all 13C and 15N sites in two antibiotics, ampicillin and penicillin-V, were determined by 2-dimensional phase adjusted spinning sideband (2D-PASS) and conventional CP/MAS experiments [24].
• For example cefpodoxime proxetil given twice daily for 10 days is comparable to penicillin V given three times daily for 10 days in achieving a clinical cure and appears to be significantly superior to penicillin in eradicating group A streptococci from the pharynx [25].
• OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy/tolerability of cefdinir and penicillin V in the treatment of pediatric GABHS tonsillopharyngitis as demonstrated in two clinical trials of similar design [26].
• Using NIPAB analogs with lower k(cat)/K(m) values, kinetic parameters for the hydrolysis of cephalexin and penicillin V were determined [27].

Gene context of penicillin v

• There was no significant correlation between the use of penicillin V and the frequency of PNSP [28].
• A 125 x 4 mm C18 column was used to separate penicillin-V from its main metabolites, 5R- and 5S-penicilloic acid and endogenous compounds [29].
• Criteria for improvement was a change in tympanometric findings to type C1 or type A. RESULTS: The success rates were in favor of amoxicillin-clavulanate treatment for 28 days (P < .001) (rates for respective 14- and 28-day groups: penicillin V, 23% and 19%; amoxicillin-clavulanate, 31% and 44%) [20].
• Group 1 (n=299) was treated with pehnoxymethyl penicillin V and group 2 (n=307) was treated with phenoxymethyl penicillin V plus antioxidant vitamins for eight weeks [30].
• Two hundred and ninety-seven children, aged 6 months to 7 years, with AOM were treated with penicillin V [31].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of penicillin v

• Each patient was desensitized over four to six hours by oral administration of increasing doses of penicillin V [32].
• The safety and efficacy of azithromycin was compared with that of penicillin V in a multicenter study of the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis in outpatients [2].
• Comparison of aqueous and nonaqueous carrier electrolytes for the separation of penicillin V and related substances by capillary electrophoresis with UV and mass spectrometric detection [33].
• Of the 99 patients in the three times daily penicillin V group, six (6%) had strains of GABHS isolated on one of the follow-up cultures that were identical to the strains isolated from their initial throat cultures and were considered to have bacteriologic treatment failures [34].
• With a penicillin biosensor adapted in an appropriate cell detection, on-line measurements of penicillin V in the fermentation broth are achieved during the whole fermentation process; the results are compared with the HPLC method [35].

References