Characterization of human cells persistently infected with cytomegalovirus and exposed to a chemical carcinogen.
A non-productive, persistent human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was developed in human embryo lung ( LU) cells by initially using supraoptimal temperatures to restrict the replication of a recent CMB isolate (76-24). Although CMV replication was observed in some cells within a few weeks of shifting the cultures to 37 degrees C and subculturing, CMV cytopathic effects and infectious CMV were not detected with further subculturing during the next 5 weeks. CMV-specific nuclear antigens were, however, observed in most cells (designated LU-76-24) for 38 additional culture passages made during the following 12 months. Although the LU-76-24 cells were morphologically distinct from LU cell cultures carried in parallel as controls, the LU-76-24 were contact-inhibited in spite of a somewhat disoriented growth pattern. Treatment of LU-76-24 cells with 0.05 microgram/ml of the chemical carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1 oxide (NQO) induced a lytic CMV infection from which a clone of cells (designated LUC-NQO) was isolated. No effect was seen when LU cells were treated with the same dose of NQO. LUC-NQO cells were morphologically altered from LU-76-24 cells and had lost contact inhibition. Even though CMV-specific nuclear antigens were observed in LUC-NQO cells, infectious CMV was not detected in lysates of these cells, nor was CMV rescued by co-cultivation of these cells with susceptible cells or by induction with 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine. LUC-NQO, but not LU or LU-76-24 cells, plated with good efficiency in semi-solid medium. The results indicate that long-term, non-productive, persistent CMV infections can be established in vitro and suggest that such cells may be more susceptible than non-infected cells to the action of chemical carcinogens.[1]References
- Characterization of human cells persistently infected with cytomegalovirus and exposed to a chemical carcinogen. Li, J.L., Albrecht, T. Int. J. Cancer (1982) [Pubmed]
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