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Gene Review

IGHG2  -  immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 2 (G2m...

Homo sapiens

Synonyms: Ig gamma-2 chain C region
 
 
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Disease relevance of IGHG2

 

High impact information on IGHG2

  • Of the four human IgG subclass heavy chain (IGHG) genes, three--IGHG1, IGHG2 and IGHG3--have allelic forms which encode antigenic determinants called G1m, G2m and G3m allotypes for markers of the IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 molecules [2].
  • However, single amino acid substitutions were present in IGHG2 and IGHG4 genes, indicating the presence of IgG polymorphism possibly resulting in the expression of different allotypes [3].
  • The first constant-domain (CH1) exon of human IGHG2 is polymorphic and in strong linkage disequilibrium with the CH2 exon polymorphism encoding the G2m(n+) allotype in Caucasians [4].
  • The mean serum levels of IgG4 and IgE were significantly lower in individuals (both IgA-D subjects and healthy controls) homozygous for the H2 haplotype than in individuals homozygous for the H1 haplotype (IGHGP, 8.8 kb, IGHG2, 13.5 kb, and IGHG4, 9.4 kb) [5].
  • The IGHG2 genotypes containing (n/n) and (n/-n) were significantly decreased [1].
 

Other interactions of IGHG2

  • Prolactin-inducible protein was also found to be down-regulated, whereas different fragments of albumin together with Ig gamma 2 chain c region, transthyretin and splice isoform 1 of Wnt-2B were up-regulated among the allergic patients [6].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of IGHG2

  • In this study, we present three new alleles of IGHG2 (IGHG2*03, 04, and 05), and a complete sequence specific PCR typing system allowing discrimination between the different allotypes of IgG2 [7].
  • Genomic Southern blot analysis indicated that the IGHG1 and IGHG2 genes are most likely present in single copies [8].

References

  1. Immunoglobulin heavy G2 chain (IGHG2) gene restriction in the development of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. Aurivillius, M., Oymar, K., Oxelius, V.A. Acta Paediatr. (2005) [Pubmed]
  2. Restriction fragment haplotypes in the human immunoglobulin IGHG locus and their correlation with the Gm polymorphism. Ghanem, N., Dugoujon, J.M., Bensmana, M., Huck, S., Lefranc, M.P., Lefranc, G. Eur. J. Immunol. (1988) [Pubmed]
  3. Rhesus macaque antibody molecules: sequences and heterogeneity of alpha and gamma constant regions. Scinicariello, F., Engleman, C.N., Jayashankar, L., McClure, H.M., Attanasio, R. Immunology (2004) [Pubmed]
  4. The first constant-domain (CH1) exon of human IGHG2 is polymorphic and in strong linkage disequilibrium with the CH2 exon polymorphism encoding the G2m(n+) allotype in Caucasians. Hougs, L., Svejgaard, A., Barington, T. Immunogenetics (2001) [Pubmed]
  5. Involvement of both HLA and Ig heavy chain haplotypes in human IgA deficiency. Olsson, P.G., Hammarström, L., Cox, D.W., Smith, C.I. Immunogenetics (1992) [Pubmed]
  6. Psoriasin, one of several new proteins identified in nasal lavage fluid from allergic and non-allergic individuals using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Bryborn, M., Adner, M., Cardell, L.O. Respir. Res. (2005) [Pubmed]
  7. Three new alleles of IGHG2 and their prevalence in Danish Caucasians, Mozambican Blacks and Japanese. Hougs, L., Garred, P., Kawasaki, T., Kawasaki, N., Svejgaard, A., Barington, T. Tissue Antigens (2003) [Pubmed]
  8. The Immunoglobulin G Heavy Chain (IGHG) genes of the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus. Mancia, A., Romano, T.A., Gefroh, H.A., Chapman, R.W., Middleton, D.L., Warr, G.W., Lundqvist, M.L. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B, Biochem. Mol. Biol. (2006) [Pubmed]
 
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