Disease relevance of ilvD

• The role and properties of the iron-sulfur cluster in Escherichia coli dihydroxy-acid dehydratase [1].

High impact information on ilvD

• Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase from E. coli is inactivated by O2 in vitro and in vivo as a result of oxidative degradation of the [4Fe-4S]cluster [1].
• Compared to aconitase, the oxidized cluster of E. coli dihydroxy-acid dehydratase appears to be less stable as either a cubic or linear [3Fe-4S] cluster or a [2Fe-2S] cluster [1].
• To determine a consensus promoter sequence for genes involved in biosynthetic or housekeeping functions, DNA fragments containing the regulatory regions of the ilvD, ilvR, cysC, pleC, and fdxA genes were cloned [2].
• The Km was not appreciably changed for DHAD that was 50 and 70% inactivated in cells, respectively, by hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and PQ, compared to cells in exponential, aerobic growth [3].
• Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase (DHAD) has a [4Fe-4S] cluster and is reported to be facilely inactivated by oxidant stress [3].

Associations of ilvD with chemical compounds

• In the K-12 parent strain half the cellular DHAD activity was lost in 15 min at 0.8 atm oxygen, less than 10 microM aerobic nitrofurantoin, or about 5 microM aerobic paraquat (PQ) and in about 1 min at 10 microM aerobic PQ [3].
• Oxygen and metabolism were required for PQ to inactivate DHAD in cells; adding dithiothreitol to cell-free extracts did not restore DHAD activity [3].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of ilvD

• The combination of UV visible absorption, EPR, magnetic circular dichroism, and resonance Raman spectroscopies indicates that the native enzyme contains a [4Fe-4S]2+,+ cluster, in contrast to spinach dihydroxy-acid dehydratase which contains a [2Fe-2S]2+,+ cluster (Flint, D. H., and Emptage, M. H. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 3558-3564) [1].

References