Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)

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Risinger, R.C. et al.

Risinger, Salmeron, Ross, Amen, Sanfilipo, Hoffmann, Bloom, Garavan, Stein,

Neural correlates of high and craving during cocaine self-administration using BOLD fMRI.

Modern theories of drug dependence hold the hedonic effects of drug-taking central to understanding the motivation for compulsive drug use. Previous neuroimaging studies have begun to identify brain regions associated with acute drug effects after passive delivery. In this study, a more naturalistic model of cocaine self-administration (SA) was employed in order to identify those sites associated with drug-induced high and craving as measures of reward and motivation. Non-treatment seeking cocaine-dependent subjects chose both when and how often i.v. cocaine administration occurred within a medically supervised SA procedure. Both functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data and real-time behavioral ratings were acquired during the 1-h SA period. Drug-induced HIGH was found to correlate negatively with activity in limbic, paralimbic, and mesocortical regions including the nucleus accumbens (NAc), inferior frontal/orbitofrontal gyrus ( OFC), and anterior cingulate (AC), while CRAVING correlated positively with activity in these regions. This study provides the first evidence in humans that changes in subjective state surrounding cocaine self-administration reflect neural activity of the endogenous reward system.[1]

References

Neural correlates of high and craving during cocaine self-administration using BOLD fMRI. Risinger, R.C., Salmeron, B.J., Ross, T.J., Amen, S.L., Sanfilipo, M., Hoffmann, R.G., Bloom, A.S., Garavan, H., Stein, E.A. Neuroimage (2005) [Pubmed]

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