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Woolverton, W.L. et al.

W.L. Woolverton, Zhixia Wang, Theresa Vasterling, F. Ivy Carroll, Ronald Tallarida,

Self-administration of drug mixtures by monkeys: combining drugs with comparable mechanisms of action.

RATIONALE: Abuse of drug mixtures is common. Drug interactions that are super-additive in terms of reinforcing effects may contribute to this phenomenon. Although quantitative methods for assessing drug interactions have been developed, they have not been widely applied to the analysis of reinforcing effects. OBJECTIVES: The present experiment was designed to study self-administration of mixtures of drugs with comparable pharmacological mechanisms of action. Our hypothesis was that the drugs would be dose-additive. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rhesus monkeys prepared with i.v. catheters were allowed to self-administer cocaine or saline under a progressive-ratio schedule in baseline sessions. When responding was stable, two mu opioid agonists, alfentanil and remifentanil, were tested alone in one group (n = 5). Two dopamine (DA) uptake blockers, cocaine and RTI-117 were tested in the other group (n = 6). Next, mixtures of doses of the two opioids or the two DA uptake blockers were tested in approximate 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 ratios of their ED50s. Results were analyzed using isobolographic techniques. RESULTS: All drugs alone and drug mixtures functioned as positive reinforcers in a dose-related manner. There was no difference between experimentally determined ED50 values and predicted additive ED50 values for any mixture. Maximum responding maintained by mixtures, a measure of reinforcing strength, did not differ from that for single drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Mixtures of various proportions of two drugs with comparable mechanisms of action were additive, i.e., they did not interact. This result will serve as the basis for comparison to studies of mixtures of drugs with various mechanisms of action.[1]

References

Self-administration of drug mixtures by monkeys: combining drugs with comparable mechanisms of action. Woolverton, W.L., Wang, Z., Vasterling, T., Carroll, F.I., Tallarida, R. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) (2008) [Pubmed]

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