Di-4-ANEPPS causes photodynamic damage to isolated cardiomyocytes.
Action potential recordings from isolated guinea pig ventricular cells in the whole-cell recording mode were used to study the toxic and photodynamic properties of the voltage-sensitive fluorescent dye di-4-ANEPPS. Staining of the cardiomyocytes with di-4-ANEPPS (30 or 60 microM; 10 min) did not alter the action potential shape. When the stained cells were illuminated (1W/cm2) severe effects on the action potential were observed. There was a prolongation of the action potential duration, occurrence of early afterdepolarizations, reduction of the membrane resting potential and eventually inexcitability. Addition of the antioxidant catalase (100 IU/ml) to the extracellular solution delayed the onset of these effects, suggesting that reactive-oxygen-intermediates take part in di-4-ANEPPS induced photodynamic damage. Since di-4-ANEPPS is a very important tool for optical membrane potential recordings in heart tissue and single cardiomyocytes catalase might be useful in suppressing photodynamic damage during optical potential recordings.[1]References
- Di-4-ANEPPS causes photodynamic damage to isolated cardiomyocytes. Schaffer, P., Ahammer, H., Müller, W., Koidl, B., Windisch, H. Pflugers Arch. (1994) [Pubmed]
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