Induction of c-fos and c-jun gene expression by phenolic antioxidants.
We have found that phenolic antioxidants specifically induce expression of the c-fos and c-jun protooncogenes. After treatment of quiescent human hepatoma HepG2 cells with butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, or other phenolic antoxidants, the levels of c-fos and c-jun mRNAs are substantially increased. This response is antioxidant specific, dose dependent, and transient, with maximal levels at 3-6 h. The antioxidant-specific induction of c-fos/CAT promoter constructs in transient transfections indicates that at least a portion of this response is transcriptional. Deletions and point mutations map sequences required for the antioxidant response of the c-fos promoter to the serum response element. The antioxidant-specific induction of expression directed by a reporter plasmid containing four AP-1 sites and the induction of AP-1 DNA- binding activity confirm previous results indicating that antioxidant treatment increases AP-1 activity.[1]References
- Induction of c-fos and c-jun gene expression by phenolic antioxidants. Choi, H.S., Moore, D.D. Mol. Endocrinol. (1993) [Pubmed]
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