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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 

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Gene Review: 

nth  -  endonuclease III

Escherichia coli CFT073

 
 
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Disease relevance of nth

  • Endonuclease III, encoded by nth in Escherichia coli, removes thymine glycols (Tg), a toxic oxidative DNA lesion [1].
 

High impact information on nth

  • A restriction fragment terminated by the DSB was isolated and probed for base damage with the E. coli DNA repair enzymes endonuclease III and formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase [2].
  • We propose that endonuclease III has an important role in the initial stages of processing DHT/8-oxoG clusters, removing DHT to give an intermediate with an abasic site or single-strand break opposing 8-oxoG [3].
  • Tg is rapidly and efficiently removed from the total genomes of repair-proficient cells in vivo and the removal of Tg is completely dependent on the nth gene that encodes the endonuclease III glycosylase [4].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of nth

  • To determine the biological significance of this repair in mammals, we established a mouse model with mutated mNth1, a homolog of nth, by gene targeting [1].

References

  1. Novel nuclear and mitochondrial glycosylases revealed by disruption of the mouse Nth1 gene encoding an endonuclease III homolog for repair of thymine glycols. Takao, M., Kanno, S., Shiromoto, T., Hasegawa, R., Ide, H., Ikeda, S., Sarker, A.H., Seki, S., Xing, J.Z., Le, X.C., Weinfeld, M., Kobayashi, K., Miyazaki, J., Muijtjens, M., Hoeijmakers, J.H., van der Horst, G., Yasui, A., Sarker, A.H. EMBO J. (2002) [Pubmed]
  2. Molecular analysis of base damage clustering associated with a site-specific radiation-induced DNA double-strand break. Datta, K., Jaruga, P., Dizdaroglu, M., Neumann, R.D., Winters, T.A. Radiat. Res. (2006) [Pubmed]
  3. The roles of specific glycosylases in determining the mutagenic consequences of clustered DNA base damage. Shikazono, N., Pearson, C., O'Neill, P., Thacker, J. Nucleic Acids Res. (2006) [Pubmed]
  4. Global genome removal of thymine glycol in Escherichia coli requires endonuclease III but the persistence of processed repair intermediates rather than thymine glycol correlates with cellular sensitivity to high doses of hydrogen peroxide. Alanazi, M., Leadon, S.A., Mellon, I. Nucleic Acids Res. (2002) [Pubmed]
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