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Gene Review:

gltA - type II citrate synthase

Bartonella henselae str. Houston-1

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Disease relevance of gltA

The citrate synthase gene (gltA) of Bartonella henselae was cloned and sequenced to compare genetic divergence among alpha and gamma branches of the class Proteobacteria and to develop enhanced genotypic reagents for B. henselae identification [1].
B. koehlerae was identified in the valvular tissue of an endocarditis patient by DNA sequencing of the PCR products of two Bartonella genes: the genes for citrate synthase (gltA) and riboflavin synthase (ribC) [2].

High impact information on gltA

The restriction patterns obtained for C-29 and C-30 by citrate synthase PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis as well as by genomic RFLP could not be distinguished from each other but were distinctly different from that of the B. henselae type strain [3].
PCR/rRNA with universal primers amplifies part of the 16S rRNA gene, followed by hybridization with a specific B. henselae probe; PCR/CS and PCR/HSP amplify portions of the gltA and the htrA genes, respectively, each followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis [4].
Whole blood collected from the cats was used in isolation experiments and subsequent identification of Bartonella species was based on comparison of the nucleotide base sequence of polymerase chain reaction-amplified citrate synthase gene fragments [5].

Biological context of gltA

Their enzymatic activity, RFLP profile of citrate synthetase gene (gltA) and DNA-DNA hybridization results were typical of B. henselae [6].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of gltA

The commonly used PCR-RFLP analysis of the TaqI-digested gltA PCR product did not distinguish between B. koehlerae and B. quintana or between B. elizabethae and B. clarridgeiae [2].
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) assigned a different profile to each of the isolates studied.Determination of the enzymatic activity, RFLP of gltA gene, RFLP of 16S-23S rRNA spacer region, and HindIII ribotype could be efficient tools for identification of B. henselae isolates [6].

References

Differentiation of Bartonella-like isolates at the species level by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism in the citrate synthase gene. Norman, A.F., Regnery, R., Jameson, P., Greene, C., Krause, D.C. J. Clin. Microbiol. (1995) [Pubmed]
Bartonella koehlerae, a new cat-associated agent of culture-negative human endocarditis. Avidor, B., Graidy, M., Efrat, G., Leibowitz, C., Shapira, G., Schattner, A., Zimhony, O., Giladi, M. J. Clin. Microbiol. (2004) [Pubmed]
Bartonella koehlerae sp. nov., isolated from cats. Droz, S., Chi, B., Horn, E., Steigerwalt, A.G., Whitney, A.M., Brenner, D.J. J. Clin. Microbiol. (1999) [Pubmed]
Molecular diagnosis of cat scratch disease: a two-step approach. Avidor, B., Kletter, Y., Abulafia, S., Golan, Y., Ephros, M., Giladi, M. J. Clin. Microbiol. (1997) [Pubmed]
Isolation of Bartonella henselae from a serologically negative cat in Bloemfontein, South Africa. Pretorius, A.M., Kelly, P.J., Birtles, R.J., Raoult, D. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association. (1999) [Pubmed]
Detection and characterization of feline Bartonella henselae in the Czech Republic. Melter, O., Hercík, K., Weyant, R.S., Janecek, J., Nemec, A., Mecera, J., Gonzorová, L., Branny, P. Vet. Microbiol. (2003) [Pubmed]

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