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Gene Review:

ILV6 - acetolactate synthase regulatory subunit

Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c

Synonyms: AHAS, ALS, Acetohydroxy-acid synthase small subunit, Acetolactate synthase small subunit, mitochondrial, YCL009C, ...

Pang, S.S. et al., Byrne, K.L. et al., Chatterjee, A. et al., Jung, S.M. et al., Maiti, S.N. et al.

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Disease relevance of ILV6

This putative small subunit protein (ilv6) and the catalytic subunit of yeast AHAS (ilv2) were each overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified to near homogeneity [1].
MALDI-TOF analysis of the 65 kDa protein led to its identification as acetolactate synthase large subunit (EC 2.2.1.6; ALS), the putatively assigned ORF sll1981 of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 [2].

High impact information on ILV6

Reconstitution studies showed that the ilv6 protein stimulates the catalytic activity of the ilv2 protein by up to 7-fold (from 6.8 +/- 0.7 to 49.0 +/- 1.8 U/mg) and confers upon it sensitivity to inhibition by valine (Ki = 0.16 +/- 0.02 mM) [1].
Nucleotide sequence analysis and site-directed mutagenesis revealed that the thi1 mutation is a single base substitution which causes the conserved amino acid substitution D176E in the AHAS protein [3].
ALS-specific activity in strains carrying the wild-type ILV2 allele exhibited strong feedback inhibition by valine and was sensitive to SM [4].
The enzyme AHAS (acetohydroxy acid synthase), which is involved in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine and isoleucine, is the target of several classes of herbicides [5].

References

Expression, purification, characterization, and reconstitution of the large and small subunits of yeast acetohydroxyacid synthase. Pang, S.S., Duggleby, R.G. Biochemistry (1999) [Pubmed]
sll1981, An acetolactate synthase homologue of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, functions as L-myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase. Chatterjee, A., Dastidar, K.G., Maitra, S., Das-Chatterjee, A., Dihazi, H., Eschrich, K., Majumder, A.L. Planta (2006) [Pubmed]
Thiamin auxotrophy in yeast through altered cofactor dependence of the enzyme acetohydroxyacid synthase. Byrne, K.L., Meacock, P.A. Microbiology (Reading, Engl.) (2001) [Pubmed]
Effect of valine and the herbicide sulfometuron methyl on acetolactate synthase activity in nuclear and plasmid-borne sulphometuron methyl resistant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. Maiti, S.N., Zink, M.W., Rank, G.H. Can. J. Microbiol. (1988) [Pubmed]
Amino acid residues conferring herbicide resistance in tobacco acetohydroxy acid synthase. Jung, S.M., Le, D.T., Yoon, S.S., Yoon, M.Y., Kim, Y.T., Choi, J.D. Biochem. J. (2004) [Pubmed]

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