Disease relevance of Doping in Sports

• Cocaine-induced erythrocytosis and increase in von Willebrand factor: evidence for drug-related blood doping and prothrombotic effects [1].

High impact information on Doping in Sports

• At the Atlanta Centennial Olympic Games, urine samples will be tested for prohibited substances, including stimulants, narcotics, anabolic agents, diuretics, peptides, and glycoprotein hormones as well as prohibited methods of enhancing performance, including blood doping and pharmacological, chemical, and physical manipulation of the urine [2].
• Role of blood doping in the coronary vasoconstrictor response to cocaine [3].
• An analysis of these effects might provide insights into GH physiology and might yield data useful for the detection of GH doping in sports [4].
• A global strategy for prevention and detection of blood doping with erythropoietin and related drugs [5].
• The WADA code defines a TUE as "permission to use, for therapeutic purposes, a drug or drugs which are otherwise prohibited in sporting competition." Experiences of the Canadian Centre for Ethics in Sport Doping Control Review Board are presented because this national TUE committee has been operational for over 12 years [6].

Anatomical context of Doping in Sports

• Erythropoietin may represent a pharmacological alternative to blood doping by increasing red blood cell mass [7].

Associations of Doping in Sports with chemical compounds

• It is the position of the American College of Sports Medicine that any blood doping procedure used in an attempt to improve athletic performance is unethical, unfair, and exposes the athlete to unwarranted and potentially serious health risks [8].
• We propose a new confirmatory method for testosterone doping in sport [9].
• In addition, this review also examines related issues such as attendant hemodynamic and lactate changes, the need of controls, and ethical considerations in blood doping [10].
• Blood doping, hyperoxia and O(2) supplementation of high-altitude natives all raise O(2) availability substantially to the working muscles, but these treatments increase V(O(2)max) only minimally [11].
• State-sponsored research on creatine supplements and blood doping in elite Soviet sport [12].

Gene context of Doping in Sports

• Sports doping in the adolescent athlete the hope, hype, and hyperbole [13].
• Advances in recombinant DNA technology have created one of the most powerful weapons in the current doping arsenal: recombinant proteins [Sweeney HL. Gene doping. Sci Am 2004;291:62-9; Unal M, Ozer Unal D. Gene doping in sports. Sports Med 2004;34:357-62] [14].
• Problems with GH doping in sports [15].

References