Cartilage-derived morphogenetic proteins enhance the osteogenic protein-1-induced osteoblastic cell differentiation of C2C12 cells.
Previous studies have shown that osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1; also known as BMP-7) induces differentiation of the pluripotent mesenchymal cell line C2C12 into osteoblastic cells. OP-1 also alters the steady-state levels of messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding for the cartilage-derived morphogenetic proteins (CDMPs) in C2C12 cells. In the present study, the effects of exogenous CDMPs on bone cell differentiation induced by OP-1 in C2C12 cells were examined. Exogenous CDMP-1, -2, and -3 synergistically and dose-dependently enhanced OP-1 action in stimulating alkaline phosphatase ( AP) activity and osteocalcin ( OC) mRNA expression. AP staining studies revealed that the combination of OP-1 and CDMP enhanced OP-1 action by stimulating those cells that had responded to OP-1 and not by activating additional cells. The combination did not change the mRNA expression of the BMPs and their receptors. CDMP-1 enhanced the suppression of the OP-1- induced expression of the myogeneic differentiation regulator MyoD. CDMP-1 and OP-1 alone stimulated Smad5 protein expression, but the combination of OP-1 and CDMP-1 stimulated synergistically Smad5 protein expression. Thus, one mechanism of the observed synergy involved enhancement of the induced Smad5 protein expression. At the same protein concentration, CDMP-1 is most potent in enhancing OP-1 activity in inducing osteoblastic cell differentiation of C2C12 cells. CDMP-3 is about 80% as potent as CDMP-1, and CDMP-2 is the least potent (about 50% of CDMP-1).[1]References
- Cartilage-derived morphogenetic proteins enhance the osteogenic protein-1-induced osteoblastic cell differentiation of C2C12 cells. Yeh, L.C., Tsai, A.D., Zavala, M.C., Lee, J.C. J. Cell. Physiol. (2004) [Pubmed]
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