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Mittelman, S.D. et al.

Mittelman, Hendy, Fefferman, Canaff, Mosesova, Cole, Burkett, Geffner,

A hypocalcemic child with a novel activating mutation of the calcium-sensing receptor gene: successful treatment with recombinant human parathyroid hormone.

CONTEXT: Persistent hypercalciuria, with the attendant risk of nephrocalcinosis and eventual renal failure, is common in hypoparathyroid patients, especially those with activating mutations of the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) gene, being treated with oral calcium and calcitriol. Treatment with replacement PTH may be warranted, although this has yet to be evaluated in children. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to identify the cause of the disorder in a young hypocalcemic patient and to assess the efficacy of treatment of the patient with recombinant human PTH(1-34). SUBJECT: An infant presenting with hypocalcemia at 3 wk of age was studied. METHODS: CASR gene mutation analysis was performed on genomic DNA of the proband and family members. The patient was treated with twice-daily administration of recombinant human PTH(1-34) over a 17-month period. RESULTS: The proband was heterozygous for a de novo novel missense mutation (L727Q), on the border between transmembrane helix 4 and intracellular loop 2 of the CASR. When transiently expressed in a human embryonic kidney 293 cell line, the mutant receptor demonstrated a significant leftward shift in the extracellular calcium/intracellular signaling dose-response curve vs. that for the wild-type receptor [EC(50); mutant, 2.59 +/- 0.11 mm (mean +/- se) vs. wild-type, 3.78 +/- 0.12 mm, P < 0.001]. During treatment with PTH(1-34), the patient had no further serious hypocalcemic episodes, and his urinary calcium excretion declined remarkably. CONCLUSION: PTH should be evaluated further as a treatment of autosomal dominant hypocalcemia in young patients.[1]

References

A hypocalcemic child with a novel activating mutation of the calcium-sensing receptor gene: successful treatment with recombinant human parathyroid hormone. Mittelman, S.D., Hendy, G.N., Fefferman, R.A., Canaff, L., Mosesova, I., Cole, D.E., Burkett, L., Geffner, M.E. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (2006) [Pubmed]

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