Depression of early protection against influenza virus infection by cyclophosphamide and its restoration by Y-19995 [2,4'-bis(1-methyl-2-dimethyl-aminoethoxyl)-3-benzoylpyridine dimaleate].
The relationship between depression of early protection against influenza virus infection and the decrease in the number of peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes in cyclophosphamide-treated mice was investigated by means of a novel synthetic compound, Y-19995 [2,4'-bis(1-methyl-2-dimethyl-aminoethoxyl)-3-benzoylpyridine dimaleate], which had been shown to exert a potent restorative effect on leukocytopenia in immunocompromised hosts. Following intranasal inoculation with influenza virus (1.5 x 10(3) plaque-forming units) into untreated mice, the pulmonary virus titer progressively increased during 3 days and decreased gradually from day 7 after infection. The treatment with cyclophosphamide 2 days before infection markedly enhanced the pulmonary virus multiplication from the early phase of infection, and the higher virus titer was maintained thereafter. When mice were given Y-19995 after cyclophosphamide treatment, virus titers from the early to late phases of infection were lower than those in untreated mice. The number of peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes in cyclophosphamide-treated mice rapidly decreased and returned to normal levels only 9 days after the treatment, while such leukocytopenia was prevented to some extent and the leukocyte count was restored completely up to 7 days by postcyclophosphamide treatment with Y-19995. Furthermore, the treatment with Y-19995 augmented the inactivation of virus by the polymorphonuclear leukocytes. However, the virus inactivation by alveolar macrophages was modified only slightly by Y-19995 treatment. In addition, Y-19995 treatment could potentiate antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes against the virus-infected target cells, and the production of serum neutralizing antibody to influenza virus in untreated and cyclophosphamide-treated mice. Y-19995 revealed neither antiviral nor interferon-inducing activities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[1]References
- Depression of early protection against influenza virus infection by cyclophosphamide and its restoration by Y-19995 [2,4'-bis(1-methyl-2-dimethyl-aminoethoxyl)-3-benzoylpyridine dimaleate]. Tsuru, S., Shinomiya, N., Nomoto, K. Nat. Immun. Cell Growth Regul. (1991) [Pubmed]
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