Retinoic acid inhibition of ex vivo human immunodeficiency virus-associated apoptosis of peripheral blood cells.
T cells from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals undergo spontaneous and activation-induced ex vivo apoptosis. Here we report that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from six HIV-infected individuals exhibited reduced ex vivo DNA fragmentation and cell death after ingestion of all-trans-retinoic acid (tRA). These effects were attenuated with continued daily RA administration, which correlated with a > 5-fold decrease in serum peak RA concentrations. Incubation of PBMCs from HIV+ individuals with tRA in vitro resulted in decreased DNA fragmentation in a subset of patients, especially those having < 500 CD4+ T cells per mm3. tRA also inhibited apoptosis of preactivated normal PBMCs induced to die by restimulation, which raises the possibility of a common mechanism between activation-induced apoptosis of activated normal PBMCs and apoptosis associated with HIV infection. Whether HIV-associated apoptosis of PBMCs, and its prevention by RA, has an impact on T-cell survival or the course of disease in patients infected with HIV will require further evaluation.[1]References
- Retinoic acid inhibition of ex vivo human immunodeficiency virus-associated apoptosis of peripheral blood cells. Yang, Y., Bailey, J., Vacchio, M.S., Yarchoan, R., Ashwell, J.D. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1995) [Pubmed]
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