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Kurooka, M. et al.

High incidence of esophageal cancer in esophageal achalasia by the oral administration of N-amyl-N-methylnitrosamine and its prevention by nicardipine hydrochloride in mice.

Esophageal achalasia (EA) is a rare disease in man and animals and there are many discussions on its higher risk of esophageal cancer. N-Amyl-N-methylnitrosamine (AMN) which specifically induces esophageal tumors in mice and rats was given to three mutant mouse strains, i.e. 101/N, STX/Le and BXH-8, which develop a high incidence of EA. The incidence of EA in 101/N, STX/Le, BXH-8 and normal C57BL/6J mice was 38.5% (110/286), 30.1% (43/143), 91.8% (190/207) and 0% (0/167), respectively. The average numbers of AMN-induced esophageal tumors in EA(+) were significantly higher than those of EA(-) in all of the 101/N, STX/Le and BXH-8 mice. Furthermore, significantly larger size tumors and invasive squamous cell carcinomas were found in EA(+) mice than in EA(-) mice. These results indicate the higher sensitivity of EA for both tumor induction and promotion, possibly due to the longer retention of AMN. In fact, relaxation of the lower esophagus by a smooth muscle relaxing calcium-channel blocker, nicardipine hydrochloride, significantly prevented the induction of esophageal tumors.[1]

References

High incidence of esophageal cancer in esophageal achalasia by the oral administration of N-amyl-N-methylnitrosamine and its prevention by nicardipine hydrochloride in mice. Kurooka, M., Hongyo, T., Nakajima, H., Baskar, R., Li, L.Y., Fukuda, K., Sutoh, K., Miyata, M., Matsuda, H., Nomura, T. Cancer Lett. (1998) [Pubmed]

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