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Gene Review:

Cry1 - cryptochrome 1 (photolyase-like)

Mus musculus

Synonyms: AU020726, AU021000, Cryptochrome-1, Phll1

Sancar, A., Vitaterna, M.H. et al., Miyamoto, Y. et al., Maeda, A. et al., Lemos, D.R. et al., et al.

Nagashima, Matsue, Konishi, Iidaka, Miyazaki, Ishida, Kanosue, Sancar,

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High impact information on Cry1

Mutant mice lacking either Cry1 or Cry2 have impaired light induction of the clock gene mPer1 and have abnormally short or long intrinsic periods, respectively [1].
Biochemically, acute light induction of mPer1 mRNA in the SCN was blunted in Cry1(-/-) and abolished in Cry1(-/-)Cry2(-/-) mice [2].
In contrast, the acute light induction of mPer2 in the SCN was intact in Cry1(-/-) and Cry1(-/-)Cry2(-/-) animals [2].
We found that expression of Bmal1 and Cry1 was higher at 1300 h, or zeitgeber time 6, whereas expression of Per1 was higher at 0100 h (zeitgeber time 18) [3].
PURPOSE: The present study in a mouse model was undertaken to reveal the role of the circadian clock genes Cry1 and Cry2 in generation of 24-hour intraocular pressure (IOP) rhythm [4].

Biological context of Cry1

First, the expression of Cry1 in the SCN, in contrast to mPer1 and other immediate early genes, is not inducible by acute light pulses [5].
To further understand the circadian system of this unique mammal, the authors cloned and characterized the open reading frame of Spalax Cry1 and Cry2 [6].
The involvement of Cry1 and Cry2 genes in the regulation of the circadian body temperature rhythm in mice [7].

Anatomical context of Cry1

Second, we found that Cry1 transcription follows a circadian pattern in the liver and skeletal muscle [5].
In Per2/Cry1 double mutant mice, which lack a circadian clock, hypothalamus/pituitary/adrenal axis regulation was defective [8].

Other interactions of Cry1

In the present study, the authors characterize the behavioral and molecular rhythms of Per2/Cry1 double mutant mice under 3 different lighting conditions [9].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cry1

Circadian expression of rat Cry1 and Cry2 was examined in the suprachiasma nucleus (SCN) and eye by real-time PCR [10].

References

Cryptochrome: the second photoactive pigment in the eye and its role in circadian photoreception. Sancar, A. Annu. Rev. Biochem. (2000) [Pubmed]
Differential regulation of mammalian period genes and circadian rhythmicity by cryptochromes 1 and 2. Vitaterna, M.H., Selby, C.P., Todo, T., Niwa, H., Thompson, C., Fruechte, E.M., Hitomi, K., Thresher, R.J., Ishikawa, T., Miyazaki, J., Takahashi, J.S., Sancar, A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1999) [Pubmed]
Twenty-four-hour rhythmic gene expression in the rhesus macaque adrenal gland. Lemos, D.R., Downs, J.L., Urbanski, H.F. Mol. Endocrinol. (2006) [Pubmed]
Circadian intraocular pressure rhythm is generated by clock genes. Maeda, A., Tsujiya, S., Higashide, T., Toida, K., Todo, T., Ueyama, T., Okamura, H., Sugiyama, K. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. (2006) [Pubmed]
Circadian regulation of cryptochrome genes in the mouse. Miyamoto, Y., Sancar, A. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. (1999) [Pubmed]
Circadian genes in a blind subterranean mammal III: molecular cloning and circadian regulation of cryptochrome genes in the blind subterranean mole rat, Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies. Avivi, A., Oster, H., Joel, A., Beiles, A., Albrecht, U., Nevo, E. J. Biol. Rhythms (2004) [Pubmed]
The involvement of Cry1 and Cry2 genes in the regulation of the circadian body temperature rhythm in mice. Nagashima, K., Matsue, K., Konishi, M., Iidaka, C., Miyazaki, K., Ishida, N., Kanosue, K. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. (2005) [Pubmed]
The circadian rhythm of glucocorticoids is regulated by a gating mechanism residing in the adrenal cortical clock. Oster, H., Damerow, S., Kiessling, S., Jakubcakova, V., Abraham, D., Tian, J., Hoffmann, M.W., Eichele, G. Cell metabolism. (2006) [Pubmed]
Restoration of circadian rhythmicity in circadian clock-deficient mice in constant light. Abraham, D., Dallmann, R., Steinlechner, S., Albrecht, U., Eichele, G., Oster, H. J. Biol. Rhythms (2006) [Pubmed]
Cloning and circadian expression of rat Cry1. Park, K., Kang, H.M. Mol. Cells (2004) [Pubmed]

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AgaP_AGAP004261	Anopheles gambiae str. PEST
CRY1	Bos taurus
CRY1	Canis lupus familiaris
cry1b	Danio rerio
cry1a	Danio rerio
CRY1	Gallus gallus
CRY1	Homo sapiens
CRY1	Macaca mulatta
CRY1	Pan troglodytes
Cry1	Rattus norvegicus
cry1	Xenopus (Silurana) tropicalis

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