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Gene Review:

ND4 - NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4

Mus musculus domesticus

Qi, X. et al., Zhu, Y. et al., Krugner-Higby, L. et al.

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Disease relevance of ND4

METHODS: Adult male Swiss-Webster ND4 mice were repeatedly preconditioned with systemic hypoxia (RHP) over 12 days; 4 weeks later, the mice were subjected to 30 minutes of unilateral retinal ischemia [1].
In contrast, the mutant ND4 disrupted mitochondrial cytoarchitecture, elevated reactive oxygen species, induced swelling of the optic nerve head, and induced apoptosis, with a progressive demise of ganglion cells in the retina and their axons comprising the optic nerve [2].
The present report describes a severe, necrotizing enterocolitis associated with overgrowth of C. perfringens type A in lactating Swiss-derived (ND4) mice [3].

High impact information on ND4

The expression and effects of the mutant ND4 gene on the optic nerve and cultured retinal ganglion cells was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging, immunohistochemistry, and light and transmission electron microscopy [2].
METHODS: A mutant ND4 subunit made compatible with the universal genetic code and containing an arginine-to-histidine substitution at residue 340, or a synthetic normal human ND4 gene was delivered to the mouse visual system [2].

References

Long-Term Tolerance to Retinal Ischemia by Repetitive Hypoxic Preconditioning: Role of HIF-1{alpha} and Heme Oxygenase-1. Zhu, Y., Zhang, Y., Ojwang, B.A., Brantley, M.A., Gidday, J.M. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. (2007) [Pubmed]
The Mutant Human ND4 Subunit of Complex I Induces Optic Neuropathy in the Mouse. Qi, X., Sun, L., Lewin, A.S., Hauswirth, W.W., Guy, J. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. (2007) [Pubmed]
Clostridial Enteropathy in Lactating Outbred Swiss-derived (ICR) Mice. Krugner-Higby, L., Girard, I., Welter, J., Gendron, A., Rhodes, J.S., Garland, T. J. Am. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. (2006) [Pubmed]

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