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Park, Y.K. et al.

Park, Sempos, Barton, Vanderveen, Yetley,

Effectiveness of food fortification in the United States: the case of pellagra.

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the possible role of niacin fortification of the US food supply and other concurrent influences in eliminating the nutritional deficiency disease pellagra. METHODS: We traced chronological changes in pellagra mortality and morbidity and compared them with the development of federal regulations, state laws, and other national activities pertaining to the fortification of cereal-grain products with niacin and other B vitamins. We also compared these changes with other concurrent changes that would have affected pellagra mortality or morbidity. RESULTS: The results show the difficulty of evaluating the effectiveness of a single public health initiative such as food fortification without controlled experimental trials. Nonetheless, the results provide support for the belief that food fortification played a significant role in the elimination of pellagra in the United States. CONCLUSIONS: Food fortification that is designed to restore amounts of nutrients lost through grain milling was an effective tool in preventing pellagra, a classical nutritional deficiency disease, during the 1930s and 1940s, when food availability and variety were considerably less than are currently found in the United States.[1]

References

Effectiveness of food fortification in the United States: the case of pellagra. Park, Y.K., Sempos, C.T., Barton, C.N., Vanderveen, J.E., Yetley, E.A. American journal of public health. (2000) [Pubmed]

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