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Pearce, E.N. et al.

Elizabeth N. Pearce, Angela M. Leung, Benjamin C. Blount, Hamid R. Bazrafshan, Xuemei He, Sam Pino, Liza Valentin-Blasini, Lewis E. Braverman,

Breast milk iodine and perchlorate concentrations in lactating Boston-area women.

CONTEXT: Breastfed infants rely on adequate maternal dietary iodine intake. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to measure breast milk iodine and perchlorate, an inhibitor of iodide transport into the thyroid and potentially into breast milk, in Boston-area women. PARTICIPANTS: The study included 57 lactating healthy volunteers in the Boston area. MEASUREMENTS: Breast milk iodine and perchlorate concentrations and urine iodine, perchlorate, and cotinine concentrations were measured. For comparison, iodine and perchlorate levels in infant formulae were also measured. RESULTS: Median breast milk iodine content in 57 samples was 155 microg/liter (range, 2.7-1968 microg/liter). Median urine iodine was 114 microg/liter (range, 25-920 microg/liter). Perchlorate was detectable in all 49 breast milk samples (range, 1.3-411 microg/liter), all 56 urine samples (range, 0.37-127 microg/liter), and all 17 infant formula samples (range, 0.22-4.1 microg/liter) measured. Breast milk iodine content was significantly correlated with urinary iodine per gram creatinine and urinary cotinine but was not significantly correlated with breast milk or urinary perchlorate. CONCLUSIONS: Perchlorate exposure was not significantly correlated with breast milk iodine concentrations. Perchlorate was detectable in infant formula but at lower levels than in breast milk. Forty-seven percent of women sampled may have been providing breast milk with insufficient iodine to meet infants' requirements.[1]

References

Breast milk iodine and perchlorate concentrations in lactating Boston-area women. Pearce, E.N., Leung, A.M., Blount, B.C., Bazrafshan, H.R., He, X., Pino, S., Valentin-Blasini, L., Braverman, L.E. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (2007) [Pubmed]

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