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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
Chemical Compound Review

krebiozen     2-amino-1-methyl-5H-imidazol- 4-one

Synonyms: Kreatinin, creatinina, creatinine, CHEMBL65567, SureCN16295, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of creatinine

  • The improvements in the degree of proteinuria and the serum albumin and creatinine concentrations were similar in the two groups [1].
  • Thus, microalbuminuria, when present with hypertension, decreased creatinine clearance, or both, indicates established abnormalities of glomerular structure [2].
  • The mean (+/- SE) aldosterone-excretion rate was lower in the black children than in the white children (0.045 +/- 0.003 vs. 0.078 +/- 0.004 nmol per micromole of creatinine per kilogram of body weight; P less than 0.001) [3].
  • Of the 17 children who received adequate treatment, none had renal failure; their mean creatinine clearance was 57 +/- 20 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 at 8.3 +/- 3.8 years of age [4].
  • The primary outcome was the composite of a doubling of the base-line serum creatinine concentration, end-stage renal disease, or death [5].
  • Low baseline serum creatinine concentrations increase the risk of mortality in critically ill patients [6].
 

Psychiatry related information on creatinine

 

High impact information on creatinine

  • Creatinine clearance and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure were measured before renal-artery stenosis was corrected; 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure; and yearly thereafter [11].
  • To be included, patients also had to have a diastolic blood pressure of 95 mm Hg or higher despite treatment with two antihypertensive drugs or an increase of at least 0.2 mg per deciliter (20 micromol per liter) in the serum creatinine concentration during treatment with an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor [12].
  • METHODS: We prospectively studied 83 patients with chronic renal insufficiency (mean [+/-SD] serum creatinine concentration, 2.4+/-1.3 mg per deciliter [216+/-116 micromol per liter]) who were undergoing computed tomography with a nonionic, low-osmolality contrast agent [13].
  • Using a loxP-flanked Tfam allele (TfamloxP) in combination with a cre-recombinase transgene under control of the muscle creatinine kinase promoter, we have disrupted Tfam in heart and muscle [14].
  • Cefotaxime was given daily in dosages that varied according to the serum creatinine level, and albumin was given at a dose of 1.5 g per kilogram of body weight at the time of diagnosis, followed by 1 g per kilogram on day 3 [15].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of creatinine

 

Biological context of creatinine

  • Glomerular filtration rates in burned patients may rise to very high values and can be validly measured by creatinine clearance [21].
  • Along with the rise in hematocrit, four patients had an increase in blood pressure, and a majority had increases in serum creatinine and potassium levels [22].
  • The patients had to have a leukocyte count of at least 3000 per cubic millimeter, a platelet count of at least 100,000 per cubic millimeter, a serum creatinine level no higher than 2 mg per deciliter (177 micromol per liter), and adequate hepatic function [23].
  • The pattern of response was similar among the women who had a high ratio of urinary calcium to urinary creatinine during the 20th week of gestation, but the differences were smaller [24].
  • Blacks, patients 80 years old or older, and those with a left ventricular ejection fraction below 20 percent, serum creatinine concentration greater than 1.4 mg per deciliter (124 micromol per liter), or diabetes mellitus had a lower percentage reduction in mortality [25].
 

Anatomical context of creatinine

  • In patients with vomiting, diarrhea, or decreased oral intake, few findings have proven utility, and clinicians should measure serum electrolytes, serum blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels when diagnostic certainty is required [26].
  • MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Safety was assessed by monitoring lymphocyte subsets, serum creatinine, and liver enzymes [27].
  • Pulmonary infiltrates were demonstrated in 14 patients, cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis was seen in 10 patients, and elevated levels of serum creatinine were demonstrated in eight patients [28].
  • MAIN RESULTS--Emergency procedure, preoperative serum creatinine levels of greater than 168 mumol/L, severe left ventricular dysfunction, preoperative hematocrit of 0.34, increasing age, chronic pulmonary disease, prior vascular surgery, reoperation, and mitral valve insufficiency were found to be predictive of mortality [29].
  • Compared with control treatment, hirudin significantly reduced glomerular crescent formation, T cell and macrophage infiltration, fibrin deposition, and elevated serum creatinine, which are prominent features of GN [30].
 

Associations of creatinine with other chemical compounds

 

Gene context of creatinine

  • METHODS: We genotyped the CASR A986S variant (S allele frequency of 16.3%) in 163 healthy adult women and tested samples of their serum for total calcium, albumin, total protein, creatinine, phosphate, pH, and parathyroid hormone [35].
  • Abcc6-/- mice developed a 25% reduction in plasma HDL cholesterol and an increase in plasma creatinine levels, which may be due to impaired kidney function [36].
  • PATIENTS AND METHODS: VEGF and MMP levels were measured in the urine of 65 cancer patients at first evaluation, during therapy, and at follow-up (n = 242); normalized by creatinine levels; and compared with 16 healthy controls [37].
  • CCR2 V64I and CCR5 59029 (G/A) were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment-length polymorphism in 401 patients with type 2 diabetes who had a serum creatinine <2.0 mg/dl [38].
  • The mean urinary AQP2 concentration corrected for creatinine in spot urine samples of healthy subjects who voided in the morning was 1081 +/- 699 fmol/mg creatinine (mean +/- SD, n = 208) [39].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of creatinine

  • The median change in the serum creatinine concentration in all patients after transplantation was less than 0.001 mg per deciliter per month (< 0.09 mumol per liter per month) [40].
  • Compared with base-line values, the mean reciprocal of the plasma creatinine level declined significantly in the control group (33 percent; P = 0.0002) but not in the treatment group (6 percent; P not significant) [41].
  • In another group of diabetic patients the mean serum creatinine level, which decreased by 75 percent during a session of hemodialysis, whereas the level of AGE peptides decreased by only 24 percent [42].
  • Among the patients with stable allograft function and serum creatinine concentrations below 265 mumol per liter, hyperuricemia was more common in the cyclosporine group than in the azathioprine group (84 percent vs. 30 percent; P = 0.0001) [43].
  • Of 21 transplants with the lesion, nine required nephrectomy by one month, and one-month serum creatinine was less than 2.0 mg per deciliter in only three of the remaining 12 transplants [44].

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