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East, E. et al.

E. East, D. Gverić, D. Baker, G. Pryce, H.R. Lijnen, M.L. Cuzner,

Chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (CREAE) in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 knockout mice: the effect of fibrinolysis during neuroinflammation.

During neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS) fibrinogen, not normally present in the brain or spinal cord, enters the central nervous system through a compromised blood-brain barrier. Fibrin deposited on axons is ineffectively removed by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), a key contributory factor being the upregulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Aims: This study investigated the role of PAI-1 during experimental neuroinflammatory disease. Methods: Chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (CREAE), a model of MS, was induced with spinal cord homogenate in PAI-1 knockout (PAI-1(-/-)) and wild type (WT) mice, backcrossed onto the Biozzi background. Results: Disease incidence and clinical severity were reduced in PAI-1(-/-) mice, with animals developing clinical signs significantly later than WTs. Clinical relapses were absent in PAI-1(-/-) mice and the subsequent reduction in neuroinflammation was coupled with a higher capacity for fibrinolysis in spinal cord samples from PAI-1(-/-) mice, in association with increased tPA activity. Axonal damage was less apparent in PAI-1(-/-) mice than in WTs, implicating fibrin in both inflammatory and degenerative events during CREAE. Conclusions: PAI-1 is a potential target for therapy in neuroinflammatory degenerative diseases, allowing effective fibrin removal and potentially reducing relapse rate and axonal damage.[1]

References

Chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (CREAE) in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 knockout mice: the effect of fibrinolysis during neuroinflammation. East, E., Gverić, D., Baker, D., Pryce, G., Lijnen, H.R., Cuzner, M.L. Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. (2008) [Pubmed]

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