Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)

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Dreses-Werringloer, U. et al.

A polymorphism in CALHM1 influences Ca2+ homeostasis, Abeta levels, and Alzheimer's disease risk.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by early hippocampal atrophy and cerebral amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide deposition. Using TissueInfo to screen for genes preferentially expressed in the hippocampus and located in AD linkage regions, we identified a gene on 10q24.33 that we call CALHM1. We show that CALHM1 encodes a multipass transmembrane glycoprotein that controls cytosolic Ca(2+) concentrations and Abeta levels. CALHM1 homomultimerizes, shares strong sequence similarities with the selectivity filter of the NMDA receptor, and generates a large Ca(2+) conductance across the plasma membrane. Importantly, we determined that the CALHM1 P86L polymorphism (rs2986017) is significantly associated with AD in independent case-control studies of 3404 participants (allele-specific OR = 1.44, p = 2 x 10(-10)). We further found that the P86L polymorphism increases Abeta levels by interfering with CALHM1-mediated Ca(2+) permeability. We propose that CALHM1 encodes an essential component of a previously uncharacterized cerebral Ca(2+) channel that controls Abeta levels and susceptibility to late-onset AD.[1]

References

A polymorphism in CALHM1 influences Ca2+ homeostasis, Abeta levels, and Alzheimer's disease risk. Dreses-Werringloer, U., Lambert, J.C., Vingtdeux, V., Zhao, H., Vais, H., Siebert, A., Jain, A., Koppel, J., Rovelet-Lecrux, A., Hannequin, D., Pasquier, F., Galimberti, D., Scarpini, E., Mann, D., Lendon, C., Campion, D., Amouyel, P., Davies, P., Foskett, J.K., Campagne, F., Marambaud, P. Cell (2008) [Pubmed]

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