Interleukin 2 regulates Raf-1 kinase activity through a tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent mechanism in a T-cell line.
Previously we found that interleukin 2 (IL-2) induces tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the serine/threonine-specific kinase encoded by the raf-1 protooncogene in a T-cell line, CTLL-2. Here we extended these findings by exploring the effects of selective removal of phosphate from tyrosines in p72-74-Raf-1 kinase that had been immunoprecipitated from IL-2-stimulated CTLL-2 cells. Treatment in vitro of IL-2- activated Raf-1 with the tyrosine-specific phosphatases CD45 and TCPTP (formerly called T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase) reduced Raf kinase activity to nearly baseline levels. This effect was completely inhibited by the phosphatase inhibitor sodium orthovanadate. In contrast, treatment of Raf-1 with a serine/threonine-specific phosphatase, protein phosphatase 1 ( PP-1), resulted in a more modest decrease in Raf in vitro kinase activity, and this effect was prevented by okadaic acid. Two-dimensional phosphoamino acid analysis confirmed the selective removal of phosphate from tyrosine by CD45 and from serine and threonine by PP-1. The immunoreactivity of p72-74-Raf-1 with anti-phosphotyrosine antibodies was also completely abolished by treatment with CD45 in the absence but not in the presence of sodium orthovanadate. These findings provide evidence that the IL-2- stimulated phosphorylation of Raf-1 on tyrosines plays an important role in upregulating the activity of this serine/threonine-specific kinase in CTLL-2 cells and, as such, provides a model system for studying the transfer of growth factor-initiated signals from protein tyrosine kinases to serine/threonine-specific kinases.[1]References
- Interleukin 2 regulates Raf-1 kinase activity through a tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent mechanism in a T-cell line. Turner, B.C., Tonks, N.K., Rapp, U.R., Reed, J.C. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1993) [Pubmed]
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