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Ikehata, F. et al.

Autoantibodies against CD38 ( ADP-ribosyl cyclase/ cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase) that impair glucose-induced insulin secretion in noninsulin- dependent diabetes patients.

Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) has been shown to be a mediator for intracellular Ca2+ mobilization for insulin secretion by glucose in pancreatic beta cells, and CD38 shows both ADP-ribosyl cyclase to synthesize cADPR from NAD+ and cADPR hydrolase to hydrolyze cADPR to ADP-ribose. We show here that 13.8% of Japanese non-insulin-dependent diabetes ( NIDDM) patients examined have autoantibodies against CD38 and that the sera containing anti-CD38 autoantibodies inhibit the ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity of CD38 (P </= 0.05). Insulin secretion from pancreatic islets by glucose is significantly inhibited by the addition of the NIDDM sera with anti-CD38 antibodies (P </= 0.04-0.0001), and the inhibition of insulin secretion is abolished by the addition of recombinant CD38 (P </= 0.02). The increase of cADPR levels in pancreatic islets by glucose was also inhibited by the addition of the sera (P </= 0.05). These results strongly suggest that the presence of anti-CD38 autoantibodies in NIDDM patients can be one of the major causes of impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion in NIDDM.[1]

References

Autoantibodies against CD38 (ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase) that impair glucose-induced insulin secretion in noninsulin- dependent diabetes patients. Ikehata, F., Satoh, J., Nata, K., Tohgo, A., Nakazawa, T., Kato, I., Kobayashi, S., Akiyama, T., Takasawa, S., Toyota, T., Okamoto, H. J. Clin. Invest. (1998) [Pubmed]

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