Antibodies against the GB virus C envelope 2 protein before liver transplantation protect against GB virus C de novo infection.
GB virus C (GBV-C) is a newly discovered RNA virus related to the Flaviviridae family. Although GBV-C is not yet associated with any cause of liver disease, a humoral immune response against the GBV-C envelope 2 ( E2) protein has been observed. Therefore, we studied the prevalence and clinical relevance of GBV-C RNA and anti- E2 antibodies in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). In addition, we tested whether the prevalence of anti- E2 antibodies may protect against GBV-C infection. Of the 182 liver recipients included in this study, 117 of these were evaluated for GBV-C recurrence or de novo infection. GBV-C RNA was detected in sera or plasma using single-tube, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and anti- E2 antibody was detected by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Cumulative patient and graft survival was tested by using Kaplan-Meier analysis. The independence of prognostic values was assessed by using Cox regression analysis. Before OLT, GBV-C RNA and anti- E2 were detected in 4.0% to 28.6% and 10.0% to 68.8%, respectively, of patients suffering from different forms of chronic liver diseases. GBV-C reinfection after OLT was determined in 85.7%. Of the patients without evidence of exposure to GBV-C before OLT, 30 of 65 (46.2%) became GBV-C RNA positive after OLT. None of the 38 patients who were anti- E2 antibody positive before OLT became GBV-C RNA positive after OLT. Neither patient nor graft survival was significantly affected by the presence of either GBV-C RNA or anti- E2 antibody before OLT. Our data indicate that 1) GBV-C RNA positive patients have a high risk of reinfection after OLT, and 2) the presence of anti- E2 antibodies before OLT is associated with an absence of GBV-C infection after OLT, which may indicate a protective role of anti- E2 antibodies.[1]References
- Antibodies against the GB virus C envelope 2 protein before liver transplantation protect against GB virus C de novo infection. Tillmann, H.L., Heringlake, S., Trautwein, C., Meissner, D., Nashan, B., Schlitt, H.J., Kratochvil, J., Hunt, J., Qiu, X., Lou, S.C., Pichlmayr, R., Manns, M.P. Hepatology (1998) [Pubmed]
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